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1
参考中文标题：
骨关节炎重新再来一次！
PMID及链接：
19183989 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19183989
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Jan ,38 (5) :419-23
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2
参考中文标题：
骨髓水肿综合征。
PMID及链接：
18629460 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/18629460
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摘 要：
Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) refers to transient clinical conditions with unknown pathogenic mechanism, such as transient osteoporosis of the hip (TOH), regional migratory osteoporosis (RMO), and reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). BMES is primarily characterized by bone marrow edema (BME) pattern. The disease mainly affects the hip, the knee, and the ankle of middle-aged males. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of the disease. Unfortunately, the etiology of BMES remains obscure. The hallmark that separates BMES from other conditions presented with BME pattern is its self-limited nature. Laboratory tests usually do not contribute to the diagnosis. Histological examination of the lesion is unnecessary. Plain radiographs may reveal regional osseous demineralization. Magnetic resonance imaging is mainly used for the early diagnosis and monitoring the progression of the disease. Early differentiation from other aggressive conditions with long-term sequelae is essential in order to avoid unnecessary treatment. Clinical entities, such as TOH, RMO, and RSD are spontaneously resolving, and surgical treatment is not needed. On the other hand, early differential diagnosis and surgical treatment in case of osteonecrosis is of crucial importance.
参考中文摘要：
骨髓水肿综合征（ BMES ）指瞬时临床条件致病机理不明，如骨质疏松症的瞬态髋（托） ，区域迁徙骨质疏松症（总区道路管理组） ，并反射性交感神经营养不良（区） 。 BMES主要特点是骨髓水肿（生物医学工程）的模式。该病主要影响髋关节，膝关节和踝关节的中年男性。许多假设被提出来解释病因的疾病。不幸的是，病因BMES仍然掩盖。标志分开BMES提出的其他条件与生物医学工程模式是其自限性的。化验结果通常不会有助于诊断。组织学检查的病变是不必要的。 X线可显示区域骨矿。磁共振成像主要用于早期诊断和监测进展的疾病。早期分化的条件从其他侵略性长期后遗症是必不可少的，以避免不必要的治疗。临床实体，如托，总区道路管理组，和RSD是自发解决，与手术治疗是没有必要。另一方面，早期鉴别诊断和手术治疗骨坏死的情况下是至关重要的。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2008 Jul ,38 (5) :425-36
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3
参考中文标题：
解剖距下关节和成像talo -跟骨联盟。
PMID及链接：
19096839 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19096839
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摘 要：
Talo-calcaneal coalitions may be intra-articular or extra-articular in position and may be classified as fibrous, cartilaginous or osseous in morphology. Fibrous coalitions, particularly extra-articular talo-calcaneal coalitions, may have cross-sectional imaging findings that resemble normal anatomic variants, particularly the medial talo-calcaneal ligament and to a lesser extent the presence of an accessory articular facet between the posterior margin of the sustentaculum and postero-medial process of the talus. Typically, in the adult fibrous coalition, there will be some osseous deformity at the entheses, allowing differentiation from a medial talo-calcaneal ligament. The anatomy of the subtalar joint and its ligamentous supports, normal anatomic variations and their corresponding imaging appearance are reviewed in the first part of this article. In the second part, the various forms of talo-calcaneal coalition and their imaging appearance are reviewed.
参考中文摘要：
Talo -跟骨联盟可关节内或关节外的位置，并可能被归类为纤维，软骨或骨的形态。纤维联盟，特别是关节外talo -跟骨联盟，可能有横断面影像学表现类似于正常解剖变异，特别是内侧talo -跟骨韧带，并在较小的程度上存在的从犯关节面之间的后缘sustentaculum和postero内侧进程距骨。一般而言，在成人纤维联盟，将会有一定程度的骨畸形的肌腱端，使分化从内侧talo -跟骨韧带。在解剖距下关节和韧带的支持，正常解剖变异及其相应的影像学表现进行审查的第一部分，这一条。在第二部分中，各种形式的talo -跟骨联盟及其影像学表现进行审查。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2008 Dec ,38 (5) :437-49
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4
参考中文标题：
双时间点PET / CT显像与F - 18型葡萄糖的分化良恶性骨病变。
PMID及链接：
19205695 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19205695
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摘 要：
PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether 2-fluoro[fluorine-18]-2-deoxy-D: -glucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) could differentiate malignant and benign bone lesions and whether obtaining delayed F-18 FDG PET images could improve the accuracy of the technique. METHODS: In a prospective study, 67 patients with bone lesions detected by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging were included. Whole body PET/CT imaging was performed at 1 h (early) after the F-18 FDG injection and delayed imaging at 2 h post injection was performed only in the abnormal region. Semiquantitative analysis was performed using maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max)), obtained from early and delayed images (SUV(maxE) and SUV(maxD), respectively). The retention index (RI) was calculated according to the equation: RI = (SUV(maxD) - SUV(maxE)) x 100/SUV(maxE.) Histopathology of surgical specimens and follow-up data were used as reference criteria. The SUV(maxE) and RI were compared between benign and malignant lesions. RESULTS: The final diagnoses revealed 53 malignant bone lesions in 37 patients and 45 benign lesions in 30 patients. There were statistically significant differences in the SUV(maxE) between the malignant and benign lesions (P = 0.03). The mean SUV(maxE) was 6.8 +/- 4.7 for malignant lesions and 4.5 +/- 3.3 for benign lesions. However, a considerable overlap in the SUV(maxE) was observed between some benign and malignant tumors. With a cutoff value of 2.5 for the SUV(maxE), the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 96.0%, 44.0%, and 72.4%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 67.1% and 90.9%, respectively. There were significant differences in the RI between the malignant and benign lesions (P = 0.004). But there was overlap between the two groups. The mean RI was 7 +/- 11 for the benign lesions and 18 +/- 11 for the malignant lesions. When an RI of 10 was used as the cutoff point, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 90.6%, 76.0%, and 83.7.0%, respectively. The PPV and NPV were 81.4% and 87.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that dual-time point F-18 FDG PET may provide more help in the differentiation of malignant tumors from benign ones.
参考中文摘要：
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Feb ,38 (5) :451-8
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5
参考中文标题：
可以T2弛豫价值观和彩色地图用来检测软骨损伤利用软骨骨髓水肿的一个标记？
PMID及链接：
19089419 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19089419
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether a commercially available time-efficient T2 mapping sequence will demonstrate findings of articular cartilage degeneration based on T2 relaxation values (RV) and color maps, using subchondral bone marrow edema (BME) as a marker for chondral damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient group consisted of 88 subjects who underwent knee magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T who had subchondral BME evident on fat-suppressed T2-weighted sequences. The control group was comprised of 60 subjects with no evidence of subchondral BME. A commercially available eight echo T2 relaxation sequence (acquisition time 8:36 min) was used to construct a T2 color map and to determine T2 RVs. T2 RVs were determined on cartilage overlying subchondral BME in patients and in eight pre-determined anatomical regions in controls. T2 color maps in the patient and control groups were analyzed for degree of color stratification (presence = two or more colors) at the same anatomic site as that used for T2 RV determination. RESULTS: T2 RVs were significantly increased in patients compared to controls for the medial femoral condyle (MF; p < 0.01), medial patellar facet (MP; p < 0.01), lateral patellar facet (LP; p < 0.01), lateral femoral condyle (LF; p < 0.01) and lateral tibial plateau (LT; p < 0.01). Loss of color stratification was noted in patients compared to controls in the medial tibial plateau (MT; p = 0.01), LF (p < 0.01), and LT (p < 0.01). In the patient group, increase in T2 RVs was associated with corresponding decrease in color stratification in MF (p < 0.01), MT (p < 0.01), MP (p < 0.01), medial femoral trochlear groove (p = 0.02), and lateral femoral trochlear groove (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Subchondral BME was associated with an increase in adjacent articular cartilage T2 RVs at some sites. Also, elevated T2 RVs were associated with loss of color stratification.
参考中文摘要：
目的：本研究旨在调查是否商用时间，有效的时刻映射序列的结果将证明关节软骨退变的基础上T2弛豫值（右）和彩色地图，用软骨下骨髓水肿（生物医学工程）作为标记软骨损伤。材料与方法：病人组由88个科目谁接受膝盖磁共振成像在1.5 Ť谁了软骨生物医学工程明显脂肪抑制T2加权序列。对照组包括60个科目，没有证据表明软骨生物医学工程。商用8回波T2弛豫序列（收购时间8时36分）被用来建造一个时刻彩色地图，并确定时刻RVs 。时刻RVs决心对软骨覆软骨生物医学工程在患者和8个预先确定的解剖区域的控制。时刻彩色地图在病人与对照组进行分析的程度，颜色分层（ =存在两个或两个以上的颜色）在同一部位用作时刻右决心。结果：时刻RVs明显增加患者相比，控制内侧股骨髁（中频; p “ 0.01 ） ，内侧髌面（议员; p ” 0.01 ） ，外侧髌面（唱片; p “ 0.01 ） ，股外侧髁（ LF炉; p “ 0.01 ）和侧胫骨平台（低温; p ” 0.01 ） 。失去色彩分层指出患者相比，控制内侧胫骨平台（吨; P值0.01 ） ，低频（ p “ 0.01 ） ，低温（ p ” 0.01 ） 。在病人组，增加在T2 RVs与其相应减少颜色分层的中频（ p “ 0.01 ） ，吨（ p ” 0.01 ） ，手机（ p “ 0.01 ） ，股骨内侧滑车沟（ p值= 0.02 ） ，和股外侧滑车沟（ p “ 0.01 ） 。结论：软骨生物医学工程是与相邻的增加关节软骨时刻RVs在一些网站。此外，高架时刻RVs均与损失颜色分层。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2008 Dec ,38 (5) :459-65
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6
参考中文标题：
功率多普勒超声类风湿结节性滑膜炎：量化血管信号和分析interobserver变异。
PMID及链接：
19255756 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19255756
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess interobserver uncertainties in power Doppler (PD) examination of the fingers of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), by separating the source of the discrepancy into (1) acquisition of the images and (2) criteria for assessment of the images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients who had been diagnosed with RA were enrolled in this study. Ultrasound examinations were performed by one inexperienced and two experienced sonographers. Interobserver variation was measured using a conventional semiquantitative image grading scale. Interobserver variation of the quantitative PD (QPD) index (the summation of the colored pixels in a region of interest) was also assessed. RESULTS: The agreement was higher between the two experienced sonographers (kappa value of 0.8) than between experienced and inexperienced sonographers (kappa value, 0.6-0.7) in the semiquantitative image grading scale. Results suggest that the difference in the assessment on the image grading scale was due more to the difference in the acquisition of the images than to variations in the grading criteria between sonographers. An excellent relationship was noted between the image grading scale and the QPD index for Doppler signal with a Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation of 0.83 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Interobserver discrepancies in the image grading and QPD index methods were due more to the difference in the acquisition of the image than to the grading criteria used. The QPD index seems to be as reliable as the image grading scale with reasonable interobserver agreement between experienced sonographers.
参考中文摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是评估的不确定性interobserver能量多普勒（ PD ）的检查患者的手指类风湿关节炎（ RA ） ，分开的来源差异到（ 1 ）购置的图像和（ 2 ）评估标准的图像。材料与方法： 20例谁被诊断类风湿性关节炎已报名参加本研究。超声波检查是由一名经验丰富的经验和两个sonographers 。 Interobserver变化测量采用常规半图像分级规模。 Interobserver变化定量放电（ QPD ）指数（求和的彩色像素在一个地区的利益）也评估。结果：该协议是两国之间的高经验sonographers （ Kappa值为0.8 ）比之间经历和经验sonographers （ Kappa值， 0.6-0.7 ）在半图像分级规模。结果表明，不同的评估等级的形象更是因为规模的差异，获取的图像，而不是不同的分级标准之间sonographers 。一个很好的关系指出图像之间的等级规模和QPD指数为多普勒信号的斯皮尔曼的等级相关系数的0.83 （ P “ 0.0001 ） 。结论： Interobserver不一致的形象和QPD指数分级方法多是因为不同的购置的形象，而不是等级标准。该QPD指数似乎是可靠的，大规模的形象分级合理interobserver之间的协议经历sonographers 。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Mar ,38 (5) :467-72
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7
参考中文标题：
预测侵蚀进展建立使用超声在类风湿关节炎： 2年的随访研究。
PMID及链接：
19259659 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19259659
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine whether a range of single-time-point ultrasound (US) measures of synovial disease and serologic characteristics were able to predict progression of US-defined erosive disease in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients were studied prospectively. At baseline, subjective US measures of bone damage and synovial disease, including grayscale and power Doppler (PD) scores pre- and post-Sonovue contrast, were obtained from one proximal inter-phalangeal or metacarpo-phalangeal joint per patient. After a minimum of 2 years, the same joints were scanned to obtain a new US erosion score. RESULTS: Follow-up US erosion scores were obtained in 25 joints. Progressive US determined that bone damage occurred in 12/25 joints, including four of eight treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. Baseline erosion scores were significantly higher in joints that did not show progressive bone damage in the entire cohort (p = 0.05, n = 25) and a subgroup treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (p = 0.015, n = 17). There were no other significant differences in baseline US or serologic scores between joints that developed progressive damage and those that did not. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of single-time-point US measures of synovial disease were not able to identify metacarpo-phalangeal or inter-phalangeal joint destined to develop progressive US-determined bone damage in patients with established RA. This may reflect the use of single-time-point measures, insensitivity of the US erosion score, and the long duration of RA disease in this study.
参考中文摘要：
目标：本研究的目的，以确定是否一系列单时间点超声（美国）措施滑膜疾病和血清学特点是能够预测进展美界定糜烂疾病患者建立了类风湿关节炎（ RA ） 。材料与方法： 40例前瞻性研究。在基线，主观美国措施骨关节损伤和疾病，包括灰阶和能量多普勒（ PD ）的分数会前和会后声诺维相反，获得了从一个近端间指骨或掌，指骨关节每名患者。经过最少为2年，同样的关节扫描获取一个新的美国侵蚀评分。结果：随访美国侵蚀分数获得了在25个关节。美国认定，逐步损害骨关节发生在12月25日，包括4名的8个治疗抗肿瘤坏死因子疗法。基线侵蚀分数均显着高于关节并不表明逐步骨损害整个队列（ p值= 0.05 ， 25例）和一个分组治疗疾病修饰抗风湿药物（ p值= 0.015 ， 17例） 。目前还没有其他显着的差别基准美国或血清学分数，发达国家之间的关节逐渐破坏和那些没有这样做。结论：大多数单时间点美国措施滑膜疾病无法确定掌，指骨或跨指骨联合注定要制订累进美确定骨损伤的患者建立了类风湿性关节炎。这可能反映了使用单一时间点的措施，不敏感的美国侵蚀评分，以及长期的关节炎病的研究。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Mar ,38 (5) :473-8
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8
参考中文标题：
骨软骨病变肱骨滑车的年轻运动员。
PMID及链接：
19221737 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19221737
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the variety of osteochondral abnormalities of the humeral trochlea in the pediatric athlete. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with trochlear abnormalities were identified through keyword search of radiology dictations from 1999 to 2007. The patient's medical record, imaging studies, and surgical reports were reviewed. The osteochondral lesions were categorized based on the imaging appearance. Surgical results were reviewed in conjunction with the imaging findings. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were identified. Trochlear lesions were stratified into two imaging groups: Osteochondral injury/osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) vs. avascular necrosis (AVN). The osteochondral injury group was stratified into medial and lateral trochlear abnormalities. The medial lesions (n = 3) were small (<6 mm) and were located on the posterior articular surface of the medial trochlea. The lateral lesions (n = 10) were larger (10-14 mm), circumscribed, and were located on the posterior inferior aspect of the lateral trochlea. Trochlear AVN (n = 5) affected development of the lateral trochlea (type A) or both the medial and lateral aspects of the trochlea (type B). AVN occurred exclusively in athletes with history of remote distal humeral fracture. Seven of the 18 patients underwent elbow arthroscopy. Surgical findings and treatment regimens are summarized. CONCLUSION: Trochlear lesions should be considered in throwing athletes presenting with medial elbow pain and flexion contracture/extension block. Medial trochlear osteochondral injuries may result from posteromedial olecranon abutment. Lateral OCD lesions occur in a characteristic vascular watershed zone resulting from the unique blood supply of the trochlea. Trochlear AVN may be unmasked years following treated distal humeral fracture when the athletic demands upon the adolescent elbow increase, revealing the altered growth and biomechanics.
参考中文摘要：
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Feb ,38 (5) :479-91
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9
参考中文标题：
滑膜倍后肩关节囊。
PMID及链接：
19183991 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19183991
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摘 要：
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to describe, based on shoulder MRI and MR arthrography with arthroscopic correlation, a posterior joint capsule fold. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 410 shoulder MRIs and direct MR arthrograms with arthroscopic correlation in positive cases (when available) was obtained with IRB approval and HIPPA compliance. The study was performed by three musculoskeletal radiologists. The criteria utilized to establish the diagnosis of posterior synovial fold included: (1) axial T1-weighted (T1W) on MR arthrography or axial T2* GRE-weighted on MRI demonstrating rounded thickening of the posterior shoulder joint capsule with a thickness at least 2 mm in diameter. (2) The posterior synovial fold extends in an oblique craniocaudal direction from the posterior-inferior joint capsule adjacent to the posterior-inferior glenoid labrum (7 o'clock) and continues superiorly away from the glenoid labrum to the posterior-superior joint capsule (11 o'clock). RESULTS: Although uncommon, the posterior synovial fold was present in 2% (8/410) of studies reviewed and found predominantly in women (75%, 6/8). Four patients had arthroscopic confirmation of the posterior synovial fold. A higher percentage of posterior synovial folds were observed on shoulder MR arthrography (2.7%, 4/150) than on shoulder MRI (1.5%, 4/260). CONCLUSION: Although rare, the posterior synovial fold can be recognized and should not be confused with a posterior labral tear. Further investigation is needed to assess its histologic properties and its clinical significance.
参考中文摘要：
目的：研究的目的是描述的基础上，肩膀MRI和MR关节造影与关节镜相关的后关节囊倍。材料与方法：回顾性分析410肩部核磁共振成像和直接问arthrograms与关节镜相关的阳性病例（可用时） ，获得批准的内部评级和HIPPA遵守。这项研究是由三个肌肉骨骼放射。使用的标准，建立诊断后滑膜倍包括： （ 1 ）轴向T1加权（ T1W ）磁共振造影或轴向时刻* GRE考试加权MRI上展示四舍五入增厚后肩关节囊厚度至少2直径。 （ 2 ）滑膜倍后延伸的方向倾斜craniocaudal从后下关节囊毗邻后下盂唇（ 7点） ，并继续优离的盂唇后，卓越的关节囊（ 11点钟） 。结果：虽然少见，后滑膜倍是在2 ％ （ 8 / 410 ）的研究报告进行审查，发现主要是妇女（ 75 ％ ， 6月8日） 。 4名患者接受关节镜确认后滑膜倍。比例更高后滑膜皱襞的肩膀观察MR关节造影（ 2.7 ％ ， 4 / 150 ） ，而不是承担的MRI （ 1.5 ％ ， 4 / 260 ） 。结论：虽然罕见，滑膜折叠后可以得到承认和不应该混淆了后labral撕裂。需要进一步调查，以评估其组织学特性及其临床意义。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Jan ,38 (5) :493-8
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10
参考中文标题：
是否运行导致跖趾关节积液？比较滑液卷MRI在运动员之前和之后运行。
PMID及链接：
19183986 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19183986
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJ) are the only joints that bear weight directly through synovium. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between synovial stresses during running and increases in volume of joint fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective case controlled study (nine healthy athlete volunteers acting as own controls). High-resolution coronal 3D T2W magnetic resonance imaging of the MTPJs were obtained following 24 h rest and after a 30-min run. The volume of joint fluid in each MTPJ (n = 90) was measured by two independent observers using an automated propagating segmentation tool. RESULTS: The median volume of synovial fluid in the MTPJs at rest was 0.018 ml (inter-quartile range (IQ) range 0.005-0.04) and after running 0.019 ml (IQ range 0.005-0.04, p = 0.34, 99% confidence interval (CI), 0.330.35). The volume of fluid in the MTPJs of the great toes was substantially larger than other toes (0.152 ml at rest, 0.154 ml after exercise, p = 0.903). Median volumes decrease from second to fifth MTPJs (0.032-0.007 ml at rest and 0.035-0.004 ml after exercise). Subset analysis for each toe revealed no significant difference in volumes before and after running (p = 0.39 to p = 0.9). The inter-rater reliability for observer measurements was good with an intra-class correlation of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.78). CONCLUSION: It appears to be normal to find synovial fluid, particularly in the MTPJs of the great toes, of athletes at rest and after running. There does not appear to be an association between moderate distance running and an increase in the volume of synovial fluid.
参考中文摘要：
目的：跖趾关节（ MTPJ ）是唯一的关节负重直接通过滑膜。本研究的目的是要确定是否有关联滑膜强调在执行和增加数量的关节液。材料与方法：这是一个潜在的案例对照研究（ 9健康运动员志愿人员作为自己的控制） 。高分辨率日冕三维T2加权磁共振成像的MTPJs得到了以下24小时后，休息30分钟运行。数量的关节液中的每个MTPJ例（ 90 ）测量了两个独立的观察员使用自动传播分割的工具。结果：中等量的滑液中MTPJs在其余0.018毫升（间四分范围（智商）范围0.005-0.04 ）和后运行0.019毫升（智商范围0.005-0.04 ， p值= 0.34 ， 99 ％置信区间（ CI ）的， 0.330.35 ） 。液体的体积在MTPJs大脚趾是大大超过其他脚趾（ 0.152毫升在休息， 0.154毫升运动后， p值= 0.903 ） 。中等量减少，从第二到第五MTPJs （ 0.032-0.007毫升在休息和运动后0.035-0.004毫升） 。子分析每个脚趾显示无显着性差异卷之前和之后运行（ P值0.39至P = 0.9 ） 。间信度观察员测量良好的内部类相关的0.70 （ 95 ％信赖区间， 0.60到0.78 ） 。结论：这似乎是正常找到滑液，特别是在MTPJs大脚趾，其他的运动员在后运行。人们似乎没有联系温和长跑和数量的增加滑液。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Jan ,38 (5) :499-504
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11
参考中文标题：
磁共振图像分割使用半自动化软件的量化膝关节软骨，初步评价的技术手段配对扫描。
PMID及链接：
19252907 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19252907
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PURPOSE: Software-based image analysis is important for studies of cartilage changes in knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study describes an evaluation of a semi-automated cartilage segmentation software tool capable of quantifying paired images for potential use in longitudinal studies of knee OA. We describe the methodology behind the analysis and demonstrate its use by determination of test-retest analysis precision of duplicate knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data sets. METHODS: Test-retest knee MR images of 12 subjects with a range of knee health were evaluated from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) pilot MR study. Each subject was removed from the magnet between the two scans. The 3D DESS (sagittal, 0.456 mm x 0.365 mm, 0.7 mm slice thickness, TR 16.5 ms, TE 4.7 ms) images were obtained on a 3-T Siemens Trio MR system with a USA Instruments quadrature transmit-receive extremity coil. Segmentation of one 3D-image series was first performed and then the corresponding retest series was segmented by viewing both image series concurrently in two adjacent windows. After manual registration of the series, the first segmentation cartilage outline served as an initial estimate for the second segmentation. We evaluated morphometric measures of the bone and cartilage surface area (tAB and AC), cartilage volume (VC), and mean thickness (ThC.me) for medial/lateral tibia (MT/LT), total femur (F) and patella (P). Test-retest reproducibility was assessed using the root-mean square coefficient of variation (RMS CV%). RESULTS: For the paired analyses, RMS CV % ranged from 0.9% to 1.2% for VC, from 0.3% to 0.7% for AC, from 0.6% to 2.7% for tAB and 0.8% to 1.5% for ThC.me. CONCLUSION: Paired image analysis improved the measurement precision of cartilage segmentation. Our results are in agreement with other publications supporting the use of paired analysis for longitudinal studies of knee OA.
参考中文摘要：
目的：基于软件的图像分析是非常重要的研究变化膝盖软骨骨关节炎（ OA ） 。这项研究描述了评价半自动软骨分割的软件工具能够量化的潜在配对图像纵向研究中使用的膝关节炎。我们描述的方法背后的分析和证明其使用的测定重测分析精度重复膝关节磁共振成像（ MRI ）的数据集。方法：重测膝关节磁共振成像的12个科目与一系列的健康进行了评价膝关节的骨关节炎倡议（储存机制）试点磁共振研究。每个主题是从两国之间的磁体扫描。三维硕士（矢状， 0.456毫米x 0.365毫米， 0.7毫米层厚，一架TR 16.5毫秒， 4.7毫秒电子）图像上获得了3 - T的西门子三重奏磁共振系统，美国德州仪器正交传输，接收端线圈。分割一个三维图像一系列首次演唱，然后相应的复试系列分割图像通过查看这两个系列同时在两个相邻的窗户。在手工登记的系列，第一分割软骨概要担任初步估计第二分割。我们评估形态措施的骨头和软骨表面面积（制表符和AC ） ，软骨体积（ VC ）的，和平均厚度（ ThC.me ）内侧/外侧胫骨（吨/低温） ，总股骨（ F ）和髌骨（规划） 。重测重复性评估使用均方根平方米变异系数（有效值简历％ ） 。结果：配对分析，有效值简历％介于0.9 ％至1.2 ％的风险投资，从0.3 ％至0.7 ％的交流，从0.6 ％至2.7 ％的标签和0.8 ％ ， 1.5 ％ ThC.me.结论：成对图像分析提高了测量精度的软骨分割。我们的研究结果是一致的其他出版物支持使用配对分析纵向研究的膝关节炎。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Feb ,38 (5) :505-11
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12
参考中文标题：
后transtriceps办法肘部关节：一个被遗忘的技术？
PMID及链接：
19183992 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19183992
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technical feasibility of performing elbow MR arthrography via a posterior approach through the triceps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The images of 19 patients with elbow MR arthrography via a posterior transtriceps approach were retrospectively studied. The injections were performed by four musculoskeletal radiologists, using fluoroscopic guidance and a 22- or 25-gauge needle. The fluoroscopic and subsequent MR images were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists and evaluated for adequacy of joint capsular distention, degree and location of contrast leakage, and presence of gas bubbles. RESULTS: The injection was diagnostic in all 19 patients, with a sufficient amount of contrast agent seen in the elbow joint. No significant contrast leakage occurred in 12 patients who received injections of 8 cc or less of contrast agent, but moderate contrast leakage occurred in 6/7 patients who received injections of greater than 8 cc. Contrast leakage generally occurred within the triceps myotendinous junction. No gas bubbles were identified in the injected joints. CONCLUSION: Patients often present for MR arthrography of the elbow with medial or lateral elbow pain. Contrast leakage during a radiocapitellar approach may complicate evaluation of the lateral collateral ligament or the common extensor tendon origin. Transtriceps MR arthrography offers an alternative to the more commonly used radiocapitellar approach. With injected volumes not exceeding 8 cc, the risk of significant contrast leakage is small. An advantage of the transtriceps injection is that contrast leakage through the posterior needle tract does not interfere with evaluation of the lateral structures.
参考中文摘要：
目的：评价的技术可行性表演肘关节MR关节造影通过后路通过肱三头肌。材料与方法：图像19例肘关节MR关节造影通过后transtriceps方法进行回顾性分析。注射的是由四个肌肉骨骼放射，使用透视导向和22 -或25 -衡量针。随后的X光透视和MR图像进行了审查两个肌肉骨骼放射和评价充足的联合囊腹胀，程度和位置的对比泄漏，和在场的气泡。结果：注射诊断在所有19名病人，并有足够的造影剂出现在肘关节。没有显着的对比泄漏发生在12例接受注射谁8抄送或更少的造影剂，但温和的对比泄漏发生在6月7日患者谁注射大于8毫升。对比泄漏通常发生在肱三头肌myotendinous交界处。无气泡中确定注入关节。结论：患者经常出席MR关节造影肘关节内侧或肘外侧疼痛。对比泄漏在radiocapitellar做法可能复杂化评价外侧副韧带或伸肌腱的共同起源。 Transtriceps MR关节造影提供了一种替代的更常用radiocapitellar办法。注入量不超过8消委会的风险显着对比泄漏很小。一个优势， transtriceps注射的是，通过对比泄漏后针道不干预评价横向结构。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Jan ,38 (5) :513-6
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13
参考中文标题：
5岁的异常手和前臂岁。
PMID及链接：
19263051 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19263051
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Mar ,38 (5) :517
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14
参考中文标题：
瞬态内侧髌骨脱位：损伤模式在美国和磁共振成像。
PMID及链接：
19234701 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19234701
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Medial dislocation of the patella is an unusual entity. It is usually an iatrogenic complication of surgical lateral retinacular release. We describe the clinical, ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of a transient medial patellar dislocation in a 19-year-old patient with trochlear groove dysplasia presenting no surgical history. US showed acute injury to the lateral patellar retinaculum with complete avulsion at its patellar insertion. MR imaging confirmed the complete tear of the lateral patellar retinaculum and disclosed contusion of the anteromedial portion of the medial femoral condyle and lateral patella. This case is noteworthy because the injury patterns of patellar soft tissue restraints differ markedly from the classical features of lateral patellar dislocation.
参考中文摘要：
内侧髌骨脱位是一种罕见的实体。它通常是医源性并发症的外科外侧韧带释放。我们描述了临床，超声（美国）和磁共振（先生）影像学特征短暂内侧髌骨脱位在一个19岁的患者滑车沟发育不良提出任何手术的历史。美国发现的急性损伤外侧支持带完全撕脱在髌骨插入。磁共振成像证实完全撕裂的外侧支持带和披露挫伤的内侧部分股骨内侧髁和外侧髌骨。值得注意的是，这种情况下，因为髌骨损伤模式的软组织的限制明显不同的传统特点，横向髌骨脱位。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Feb ,38 (5) :519-23
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15
参考中文标题：
5岁的异常手和前臂的老：诊断和讨论。
PMID及链接：
19266196 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19266196
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Mar ,38 (5) :525-6
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16
参考中文标题：
浏览器的说明。
PMID及链接：
19294380 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19294380
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 May ,38 (5) :527-8
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