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Ruptures of the tibialis anterior tendon are rare. We present the clinical histories and MRI findings of three recent male patients with tibialis anterior tendon rupture aged 58-67 years, all of whom presented with pain over the dorsum of the ankle. Two of the three patients presented with complete rupture showing discontinuity of the tendon, thickening of the retracted portion of the tendon, and excess fluid in the tendon sheath. One patient demonstrated a partial tear showing an attenuated tendon with increased surrounding fluid. Although rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon is a rarely reported entity, MRI is a useful modality in the definitive detection and characterization of tibialis anterior tendon ruptures.

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断裂的胫骨前肌腱是罕见的。我们目前的病史和MRI表现最近三次男性患者胫前肌腱断裂年龄58-67岁，他们都提出了背部疼痛的脚踝。两三个病人完全破裂显示间断的肌腱增厚收回部分肌腱，并超过临界流体在腱鞘。 1例患者表现出了部分撕裂显示衰减增加肌腱周围流体。虽然破裂胫前肌腱是一个很少被报告的实体，磁共振成像是一种有益的模式最终探测和定性胫前肌腱断裂。

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Osteoblastomas located on the surface of the cortical bone, so-called periosteal osteoblastomas, are extremely rare. We report on a case of periosteal osteoblastoma arising from the posterior surface of the right distal femur in a 17-year-old man. Roentgenographic, computed tomographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and histologic features of the case are presented. Periosteal osteoblastoma should be radiologically and histologically differentiated from myositis ossificans, avulsive cortical irregularity syndrome, osteoid osteoma, parosteal osteosarcoma, periosteal osteosarcoma, and high-grade surface osteosarcoma. Although periosteal osteoblastoma is rare, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of surface-type bone tumors.

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Osteoblastomas位于表面的皮质骨，所谓的骨膜osteoblastomas ，极为罕见。我们报告一例骨膜成骨细胞瘤引起的后表面权股骨远端17岁男子。 X线，螺旋CT ，磁共振成像和病理特征的情况介绍。骨膜成骨细胞瘤应X线和病理区别骨化性肌炎， avulsive皮质异常综合征，骨样骨瘤，骨旁骨肉瘤，骨膜骨肉瘤，以及高档表面骨肉瘤。虽然骨膜骨母细胞瘤是罕见的，这应包括肿瘤的鉴别诊断的表面型骨肿瘤。

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Iliopsoas impingement syndrome, an infrequent complication of total hip replacement, has been rarely reported in the radiological literature. It follows chronic friction of the posterior aspect of the iliopsoas muscle and tendon against the acetabular cup, a piece of cement, or cup fixation screws. Clinical findings are non-specific and an imaging modality is required to diagnose the condition. Computed tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard imaging modality in evaluating iliopsoas impingement. We report a case of a patient in which the diagnosis was made by ultrasound and later confirmed by CT.

参考中文摘要：

髂撞击综合征，一种少见的并发症，全髋关节置换术，已很少被报告中的放射性文献。因此慢性摩擦后方面的髂肌肉和肌腱对髋臼杯，一块水泥，或杯固定螺丝。临床表现为非特异性和成像模式诊断需要的条件。计算机断层扫描（ CT ）被认为是黄金标准成像方式评价髂撞击。我们报告一例病人在诊断是由超声和CT扫描证实。

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The elbow is an important synovial hinge joint of the upper extremity. This joint represents a common site of musculoskeletal symptomatology, affecting all age groups. The advantages of ultrasound imaging of the elbow include easy availability, multiplanar capability and the ability to assess structures dynamically. Patient symptomatology and site of maximal tenderness can be directly correlated with imaging findings. Comparison is easily made with the contralateral side. Particular strengths include the ability to assess para-articular structures, such as regional tendons and ligaments, in addition to assessment of joint effusions, loose bodies and regional bursae. With operator experience and excellent technique, ultrasound is a valuable imaging tool for assessment of disorders of the elbow joint. [References: 49]

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肘关节是一个重要的滑膜铰接上肢。这是一个共同的联合网站的肌肉骨骼症状，影响到所有年龄组。的优点，超声显像肘关节包括容易获得，多层面的能力和能力，以评估结构动态。病人的症状和网站的最大压痛可直接相关的影像学表现。比较容易取得对侧。特定的强项包括能力评估第关节结构，如区域肌腱和韧带，除了评估联合积液，松散的机构和区域囊。与运营商的经验和出色的技术，是一种宝贵的超声波成像工具评估疾病的肘关节。 [参考文献： 49 ]

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PURPOSE: To determine if ultrasound (US) of selected joints in the hands and feet can detect more erosions than radiography and establish the presence of erosive disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Eighty joints in ten patients with RA and 40 joints in five healthy control subjects, who were age, gender and ethnicity-matched to the patients with arthritis, were prospectively studied with radiographs and sonography. Conventional radiographs of the hands and feet were obtained. US examinations of the 2nd and 5th metacarpal-phalangeal (MCP) joints of the hands, and the 1st and 5th metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joints of the feet were performed. Radiographs and US exams were independently graded for the presence of erosions. RESULTS: None of the control subjects had erosions. US detected erosions in 17/80, and radiographs detected erosions in 6/80 joints assessed with both modalities. US detected all erosions seen by radiographs in these selected joints. Erosive disease was present in the radiographs of seven of ten RA patients. US established erosive disease in eight of ten RA patients. US determined erosive disease in two of the three patients without radiographic erosions. CONCLUSIONS: US of the MTP and MCP joints in RA can detect erosions not seen with radiography and may be complementary to radiography in establishing the presence of erosive disease in early RA.

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目的：如果要判断超声（美国）选定的关节在手和脚可以检测更多的糜烂比X线，并建立存在糜烂性疾病患者的类风湿关节炎（ RA ）。方法： 80关节10例RA和40个关节健康对照组，谁是年龄，性别和种族匹配的关节炎患者，前瞻性研究， X光片和B超。传统的X光片的手和脚，获得。美国考试的第2和第5掌骨，指骨（ MCP的）关节的手中，第一和第五跖骨，指骨（中期计划）的脚关节进行。 X光片和美国的考试等级为独立存在的糜烂。结果：没有对照组有糜烂。美国发现糜烂在八十零分之一十七，和X光检测糜烂在八十○分之六关节评估与方式。美国发现所有糜烂看到X光片在这些选定关节。糜烂性疾病是目前的X光片的7个10 RA患者。美国设立糜烂的疾病中有8个10 RA患者。美国决定在两年糜烂疾病的3例无放射学糜烂。结论：美国的中期计划和MCP关节在RA可以检测糜烂没有见过的X光，可能是互补的X线摄影在建立存在糜烂性疾病的早期RA 。

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for investigating scapholunate and lunatotriquetral ligamentous and triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) tears. Ultrasound findings were compared to conventional arthrogram findings, as the reference gold standard. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In total 26 patients, 17 males and 9 females ranging in age from 17 to 35 (mean age, 34), were evaluated on referral for investigation of wrist pain. All patients were examined by high resolution ultrasound, using a 9-13 MHz transducer. All wrist ultrasound examinations were also compared to conventional tricompartmental arthrography, as the diagnostic gold standard reference. RESULTS: All ten scapholunate tears confirmed on arthrography were detected on ultrasound. Two of 8 lunatotriquetral and 7 of 11 TFC tears were correctly diagnosed on ultrasound. Sensitivity of ultrasound diagnosis ranged from 25% for lunatotriquetral tears to 100% for scapholunate tears. No false positive results were recorded for any of the three examined structures. CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that sonography is accurate for scapholunate tears, but is not accurate for evaluation of lunate-triquetral tears. It has intermediate accuracy for triangular fibrocartilage tears.

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目的：本研究的目的是评价超声作为诊断手段调查舟和lunatotriquetral韧带和三角纤维软骨（台票）流下了眼泪。超声结果进行了比较传统的关节造影结果，作为参考黄金标准。设计与患者：在总共26例， 17男9女，年龄由17至35 （平均年龄34岁），被评价推介调查手腕疼痛。所有患者进行了高分辨率超声，使用9-13兆赫传感器。所有手腕超声波检查也比较常规tricompartmental造影，诊断为金标准参考。结果： 10舟眼泪证实造影超声检测。两个8 lunatotriquetral和7 11台票眼泪正确诊断超声。超声诊断敏感性为25 ％ lunatotriquetral眼泪100 ％舟眼泪。无假阳性结果的任何记录的三个研究机构。结论：研究结果表明，超声是准确的舟眼泪，但是是不准确的评价，弦月形， triquetral眼泪。它中间的准确性三角纤维软骨眼泪。

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OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that in symptomatic patients, knees in which MRI examinations demonstrate no significant effusion will also be free of internal derangement. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: One hundred and fifteen knee MRI examinations performed between March 2002 and June 2002 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed, evaluating for both the presence of knee effusions and concurrent internal derangement. The amount of joint fluid was measured quantitatively by obtaining anteroposterior measurements in the midline and lateral aspects of the suprapatellar pouch using sagittal MR images. These measurements were then correlated with presence or absence of MRI-demonstrated internal derangement and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: Of the 115 knee MRI examinations evaluated, 47 (41%) were negative for internal derangement and 68 (59%) were positive for internal derangement. Thirty-six of 115 (31%) examinations showed joint fluid with anteroposterior measurement of 10 mm or less in the lateral aspect of the suprapatellar pouch. Of these, 31 (86%) showed no concurrent internal derangement. Statistical analysis was also performed using other lateral suprapatellar pouch cutoff values. CONCLUSION: While knees in which MRI examinations demonstrate no significant effusion are most often free of internal derangement, there remain a significant number which will exhibit internal derangement. An anteroposterior measurement of 10 mm or less in the lateral aspect of the suprapatellar pouch is a reasonable threshold value for distinguishing a physiologic from a pathologic amount of joint fluid.

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目的：为了检验这一假设的症状患者，膝盖在MRI检查显示无显着性积液也将是免费的内部紊乱。设计与患者： 106 15膝关节MRI检查之间进行的2002年3月和2002年6月在本机构进行回顾，评价都存在膝关节积液和并行内紊乱。数额关节液定量测定获得前后的中线测量和横向方面的suprapatellar邮袋使用矢状MR图像。这些测量，然后与存在或不存在的磁共振成像显示内紊乱和统计分析进行。结果： 115膝关节MRI检查评估， 47 （ 41 ％）阴性内紊乱和68 （ 59 ％）呈阳性反应，内紊乱。 36 115 （ 31 ％）检查显示关节液前后测量与10毫米或以下的侧面的suprapatellar邮袋。其中， 31 （ 86 ％）无并发内紊乱。统计分析也用其他横向suprapatellar邮袋截止价值观。结论：虽然膝盖其中MRI检查显示无显着性积液往往是免费的内部紊乱，但仍有相当数量将展出内紊乱。一个前后测量10毫米或以下的侧面的suprapatellar邮袋是一个合理的阈值区分从病理生理量关节液。

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A 33-year-old woman presented with acute nonspecific knee pain, 6 months postpartum. MR imaging, computed tomography and radiography were performed and a proximal tibia plateau insufficiency fracture was detected. Bone densitometry demonstrated mild postpartum osteoporosis. To our knowledge these findings have not been described in this location and in this clinical setting. The etiology of the atraumatic fracture of the tibia is presumed to be due to a low bone mineral density. The bone loss was probably due to pregnancy, lactation and postpartum hormonal changes. There were no other inciting causes and the patient was normocalcemic. We discuss the presence of a postpartum stress fracture in a hitherto undescribed site in a patient who had lactated following an uncomplicated pregnancy and had no other identifiable cause for a stress fracture.

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一位33岁的女性急性非特异性膝盖疼痛，产后6个月。磁共振成像，计算机断层扫描和X线进行和胫骨近端骨折高原不全检测。骨密度测量表明轻度产后骨质疏松症。就我们所知，这些调查结果还没有被描述在这个位置，并在这临床。病因的非创伤性胫骨骨折，可推定为是由于低骨密度。骨质流失的原因可能是由于怀孕，哺乳期和产后荷尔蒙变化。目前还没有其他原因和煽动的病人是normocalcemic 。我们讨论了存在的应力性骨折产后在迄今undescribed网站病人谁了乳酸钠以下简单怀孕，也没有其他可识别的原因了应力性骨折。

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The role of FDG-PET in the diagnosis of bone metastases remains unsettled, although it is hoped that PET scans will add specificity to or replace bone scintigraphy. We report a case in which an acute traumatic fracture presented with a level of uptake generally considered indicative of neoplasm. It is important to recognize that increased FDG-PET activity in bone should not be accepted as definitive evidence of metastatic disease.

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的作用，葡萄糖- PET在诊断骨转移仍然没有得到解决，虽然人们希望， PET扫描将增加特异性或更换骨显像。我们在此报告一宗案件，案中严重创伤骨折呈现一定程度的摄取普遍认为表明了肿瘤。重要的是要认识到，增加葡萄糖聚酯活动骨不应该被接纳为证据，最终转移疾病。

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