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1
参考中文标题：
国际解剖术语。
PMID及链接：
16570173 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16570173
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :717-8
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2
参考中文标题：
良性脂肪瘤：分类，临床病程，影像学表现及治疗。 [修改] [ 65参]
PMID及链接：
16927086 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16927086
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摘 要：
Lipoma is the most common soft-tissue tumor, with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and imaging appearances. Several subtypes are described, ranging from lesions entirely composed of mature adipose tissue to tumors intimately associated with nonadipose tissue, to those composed of brown fat. The imaging appearance of these fatty masses is frequently sufficiently characteristic to allow a specific diagnosis. However, in other cases, although a specific diagnosis is not achievable, a meaningful limited differential diagnosis can be established. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the spectrum of benign fatty tumors highlighting the current classification system, clinical presentation and behavior, spectrum of imaging appearances, and treatment. The imaging review emphasizes computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, differentiating radiologic features. [References: 65]
参考中文摘要：
脂肪瘤是最常见的软组织肿瘤，以各种各样的临床表现和影像学表现。若干亚型介绍，从病灶完全组成的成熟脂肪组织肿瘤密切相关nonadipose组织，这些组成的棕色脂肪。的影像学表现，这些不饱和脂肪酸人民群众往往是不够的特点，允许一个特定的诊断。然而，在其他情况下，虽然具体的诊断是根本不可能实现，一个有意义的有限鉴别诊断可以成立。这样做的目的是审查手稿的频谱良性脂肪瘤突出当前的分类系统，临床表现和行为，频谱的影像学表现及治疗。成像审查强调计算机断层扫描（ CT ）扫描和磁共振（先生）成像， X线鉴别功能。 [参考文献： 65 ]
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :719-33
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3
参考中文标题：
共存中学intraneural和血管外膜节囊肿的联合来源：因果，而不是一个偶然的关系，支持一个关节理论。
PMID及链接：
16799784 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16799784
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the clinical entity of an intraneural ganglion cyst coexisting with a vascular adventitial cyst arising from the same joint. DESIGN: Retrospective review. PATIENTS: Two patients presented with predominantly deep peroneal neuropathy due to complex superior tibiofibular joint-related cysts. In addition to having peroneal intraneural ganglion cysts, these patients had vascular adventitial cysts: one involving a capsular arterial branch, the other a capsular vein [as well as a large, recurrent, intramuscular (extraneural) ganglion]. We then reviewed MRIs of 12 other consecutive cases of intraneural ganglia (10 peroneal and 2 tibial) arising from the superior tibiofibular joint that we treated, as well as other reported cases in the literature to determine if there were other (unrecognized) examples supporting the combination of clinical findings and radiographic patterns. RESULTS: Retrospective analysis of MRIs in the two surgically proven cases of peroneal intraneural ganglia with vascular adventitial cyst extension showed a common imaging pattern that we have termed "the wishbone sign," consisting of the connection of the ascending limb of the peroneal intraneural ganglion and the longitudinal limb of the vascular adventitial cyst in the axial plane. Our review suggests that vascular adventitial cyst extension occurs in a large proportion of cases of peroneal intraneural ganglia. A similar growth pattern was noted in a case of a tibial intraneural ganglion. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of intraneural and vascular adventitial cysts is understandable given our knowledge of normal and pathologic anatomy of para-articular cysts. The combination of intraneural ganglia and vascular adventitial cysts broadens the spectrum of clinical presentations of these cysts and suggests that cysts and their content can dissect from a joint along neurovascular bundles. These cases provide important evidence to support the articular theory for the pathogenesis of not only neural but vascular adventitial cysts as well.
参考中文摘要：
目的：介绍临床实体的intraneural腱鞘囊肿共存的血管外膜囊肿因同一联合。设计：回顾性。病人：两名病人提出腓深神经病变主要由于复杂的上级胫腓关节有关的囊肿。除了腓intraneural节囊肿，这些病人有血管外膜囊肿：一，涉及囊动脉处，另一个是囊静脉[以及一个大的，经常性，肌肉注射（ extraneural ）节] 。然后，我们审查了核磁共振的其他12例intraneural节（ 10腓骨和胫骨2 ）因上级胫腓关节，我们的待遇，以及其他报告的病例在文献中，以确定是否还有其他（无法识别的）例子支持结合临床表现和影像学模式。结果：回顾性分析核磁共振在两个手术证明案件腓intraneural节与血管外膜囊肿延长成像显示一个共同的模式，我们称之为“叉迹象， ”组成的连接升支腓intraneural神经节和纵向肢体的血管外膜囊肿的轴面。我们的审查表明，血管外膜囊肿扩展发生在一个大的案件比例腓intraneural节。类似的增长模式中指出一例胫骨intraneural节。结论：结合intraneural和血管外膜囊肿是理解的，因为我们的知识正常和病理解剖第关节囊肿。相结合的intraneural神经节和血管外膜囊肿拓宽了频谱的临床表现这些囊肿和建议，囊肿，其内容可以从解剖联合沿神经血管束。这些案件提供了重要的证据来支持这一理论的关节的发病机制，但不仅神经血管外膜囊肿以及。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :734-44
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4
参考中文标题：
磁共振成像在区分恶性外周神经鞘瘤和非神经性恶性软组织肿瘤。
PMID及链接：
16775712 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16775712
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of MRI criteria in the differentiation between malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and non-neurogenic malignant soft-tissue tumors (MSTT). DESIGN AND PATIENTS: MRI examinations of 105 patients with pathologically proven malignant soft-tissue lesions (35 MPNST and 70 MSTT) were retrospectively reviewed, the reviewers being unaware of the pathological diagnosis. Using a standardized protocol, the tumors were evaluated for multiple parameters regarding morphology and appearance on different sequences before and after gadolinium contrast administration (location, distribution, delineation, homogeneity, size, shape, relationship to bone and neurovascular bundle, intralesional hemorrhage, necrosis, perilesional edema, lymphangitis and signal intensities). Results were compared using a chi-square or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: MRI findings suggestive of MPNST (p<0,05) were intermuscular distribution, location on the course of a large nerve, nodular morphology, and overall non-homogeneity on T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images and T1-weighted images after gadolinium contrast injection. MRI findings in favor of MSTT were intramuscular distribution, ill-delineated appearance of more than 20% of the lesion's circumference, and presence of intralesional blood vessels, perilesional edema and lymphangitis. There is no significant difference for degree and pattern of enhancement after gadolinium contrast injection, nor for presence of bone involvement or cystic or necrotic areas. CONCLUSION: MRI provides several features that contribute to the differentiation between MPNST and non-neurogenic malignant soft-tissue tumors. MRI findings suggestive of MPNST should be helpful to pathologists in the strategy for further examination.
参考中文摘要：
目的：评价的敏感性和特异性的MRI标准区分恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤（ MPNST ）和非神经性恶性软组织肿瘤（ MSTT ） 。设计与患者： MRI检查的105例经病理证实的恶性软组织病变（ 35 MPNST和70 MSTT ）进行回顾，审评正在不了解病理诊断。采用一个标准化的协议，肿瘤评价多参数形态和外观方面的不同序列钆前后对比管理局（位置，分布，划分，同质性，大小，形状，关系到骨骼和神经血管束，病灶内出血，坏死，周围水肿，淋巴管炎和信号强度） 。结果进行了比较采用卡方或Fisher的精确检验。结果： MRI检查提示MPNST （ p “ 0,05 ）的间隙分布，位置在球场上一个大的神经，结节形态，整体非均匀性的T1加权图像， T2加权图像和T1加权图像注射后，钆对比。 MRI检查有利于MSTT是肌内分布，虐待划定出现20 ％以上的病变的围，和在场的病灶内的血管，周围水肿和淋巴管炎。不存在显着差异的程度和模式的加强注射对比剂钆后，也不存在骨参与或囊性或坏死区。结论： MRI提供了多种功能，有助于区分MPNST和非神经性恶性软组织肿瘤。 MRI检查提示MPNST应有助于病理学家的战略作进一步检验。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :745-53
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5
参考中文标题：
炎性关节炎类似的调查结果和其他议员在手腕无症状科目。
PMID及链接：
16534638 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16534638
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OBJECTIVE: To describe magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in the wrists of asymptomatic subjects that might be confused with pathologic findings. DESIGN: MR examination of the dominant wrist was performed in 30 asymptomatic volunteers aged 22-49 years using pre-contrast and post-contrast sequences in the coronal and axial planes. The bases of the metacarpals, the carpus and the distal radius and ulna were evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists for lesions, notches, blood vessels and synovial enhancement. RESULTS: There were 24 bright osseous lesions (erosions, intraosseous ganglia, oedema or cysts) in 14 subjects. Intraosseous blood vessels were seen in all but one wrist examined, most commonly in the capitate and lunate bones. Enhancement was present in 26 of 27 notches identified at the base of the second metacarpal and less commonly in the capitate, hamate and triquetral notches. A small joint effusion was present in 14 subjects. Joint or soft-tissue enhancement was identified in 16 wrists. CONCLUSIONS: Many MR abnormalities and variants may be detected in the wrists of asymptomatic subjects. Many of these could be confused with pathologic findings usually associated with inflammatory arthritis.
参考中文摘要：
目的：探讨磁共振（先生）的影像学表现在手腕无症状科目可能会混淆与病理结果。设计： MR检查的主要手腕是在30岁无症状志愿者使用22-49年前的对比和产后对比序列冠状和轴架飞机。的基础metacarpals的腕骨和尺骨远端半径和评价两个肌肉骨骼放射病变，刻痕，血管和滑膜增强。结果：有24个明亮的骨病变（糜烂，内节，水肿或囊肿）在14个科目。骨内血管被视为在所有但手腕检查，最常见的头和骨化石。增强本27日在第26位的基础上确定的第二掌骨和不太常用的头，钩和triquetral缺口。小关节积水是在14科目。联合或软组织加强被确定在16个手腕。结论：许多议员异常和变种可能会发现手腕无症状科目。许多这些可能混淆病理结果通常与炎症性关节炎。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :754-64
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6
参考中文标题：
轴向斜磁共振成像的内在韧带手腕：初步经验。
PMID及链接：
16609846 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16609846
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate two separate MR sequences acquired in the axial oblique plane, parallel to the long axis of the scapholunate (SL) and lunotriquetral (LT) ligaments, to determine whether the addition of these sequences to the standard MR wrist examination improves visualization of the intrinsic ligaments, and the evaluation of their integrity. To our knowledge, this plane has not been described in the literature previously. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In total we evaluated 26 patients with chronic wrist pain or instability, referred for MR imaging following assessment by an orthopedic surgeon or physiatrist. All patients underwent initial conventional tri-compartment wrist arthrography, which served as the reference standard. This was immediately followed by MR arthrography, in the standard coronal and true axial planes, as well as in the axial oblique plane. The SL and LT ligaments were initially assessed for the presence or absence of tear, using the standard coronal and true axial sequences, and subsequently re-evaluated with the addition of the axial oblique planes. RESULTS: A total of ten intrinsic ligament tears were identified with conventional arthrography: six SL and four LT tears. Five of the six SL tears were identified on the standard sequences. All six were diagnosed with the addition of the oblique sequences. There were three false-positive SL tears identified using standard MR imaging, and two false-positives with the addition of the oblique sequences. No LT tear was identified on standard sequences, whereas all four were confidently seen with the addition of oblique images. No false-positives of the LT ligament were recorded with either standard or axial oblique sequences. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the addition of axial oblique MR sequences helps identify tears to the intrinsic ligaments of the wrist, particularly the LT ligament. In addition, the axial oblique images assist in localization of the tear.
参考中文摘要：
目的：评价两种不同磁共振序列中所获得的轴向斜平面，平行于长轴的舟（ SL版本）和lunotriquetral （毒素）韧带，以确定是否增加这些序列标准磁共振检查手腕提高可视化固有韧带，并评价其完整性。据我们所知，这架飞机还没有被描述在以前的文献。设计与患者：总共我们评估26例慢性手腕疼痛或不稳定，提交下列评估磁共振成像的整形外科医生或physiatrist 。所有患者均初步常规三舱手腕关节，作为参考标准。这是紧接着磁共振造影，日冕的标准和真正的轴架，以及在轴向斜面。 SL和毒素的韧带最初分摊的存在或不存在的泪，使用标准的日冕和真正的轴向序列，并随后重新评估，增加了飞机的轴向倾斜。结果：共有10固有韧带眼泪发现与传统的关节： 6 SL和四个低温眼泪。五个六个Sl的眼泪已确定的标准序列。所有6个被诊断为增加斜序列。有三个假阳性Sl的眼泪确定使用标准磁共振成像，两个假阳性加上斜序列。无泪的LT被确定标准序列，而四个人都满怀信心地看到，增加了斜图像。无假阳性的低温韧带录带有标准或轴向斜序列。结论：该研究表明，除了磁共振轴斜序列有助于查明眼泪的内在韧带手腕，尤其是低温韧带。此外，轴向倾斜图像协助本地化的泪。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :765-73
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7
参考中文标题：
孤立下肢转移， 9年后初步诊断视网膜母细胞瘤。
PMID及链接：
15940490 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15940490
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摘 要：
We report the development of isolated lower extremity metastases, in a child, 9 years after her initial diagnosis and treatment of bilateral infantile retinoblastomas. The radiographic, scintigraphic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings are discussed. The dominant metastatic focus was blastic, involving the medial cuneiform. Additional occult lesions were found in the base of the second metatarsal, middle cuneiform, navicular and tibial diaphysis. An open biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. The occurrence of late distant metastases is rare in the USA.
参考中文摘要：
我们提出的发展孤立下肢转移，在一个孩子， 9年后她的初步诊断和治疗小儿retinoblastomas双边。 X线，核素，电脑断层，和磁共振成像结果进行了讨论。占主导地位的转移重点是急，涉及内侧楔形文字。附加隐匿病灶中发现的基础，第二跖骨，中东楔形文字，舟和胫骨骨干。一个开放的活检证实了诊断。晚发生罕见的远处转移是在美国。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :774-7
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8
参考中文标题：
去分化骨旁骨肉瘤与分化良好的转移。
PMID及链接：
16518652 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16518652
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摘 要：
Metastases of dedifferentiated sarcoma usually contain a dedifferentiated component. We report a rare case of dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma (dd-POS) with well-differentiated multiple metastases in a 65-year-old woman with a painful firm mass on her thigh. Radiological examination revealed that the mass arose from the surface of her femur without medullary involvement. Multiple intramuscular metastases were detected in her lower leg on MR imaging. Small subcutaneous palpable masses were identified on her left lower leg, buttock, chest wall and head. An open biopsy and above-the-knee amputation were performed, and the mass on her femur was diagnosed as a dd-POS. However, histological examination on the subcutaneous lesions in her lower leg, buttock and head showed low-grade conventional POS without dedifferentiated components. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a dd-POS with multiple metastases that do not contain any dedifferentiated components.
参考中文摘要：
转移的分化肉瘤通常载有分化的组成部分。我们报告一例罕见的去分化骨旁骨肉瘤（日， POS机）与分化良好的多个转移的65岁女子与一个痛苦的坚定群众对她的大腿。放射检查发现的质量产生的表面她股骨无髓参与。多肌肉注射转移被发现她小腿的磁共振成像。小皮下明显的群众发现她的左小腿，臀部，胸部和头部。一个开放的活检及以上的膝盖进行了截肢，和大众对她的股骨被诊断为差异POS机。然而，组织学检查的皮下病灶在她的小腿，臀部和头部显示低档传统的POS没有分化组成部分。据我们所知，这是第一次报告的差异POS机与多个转移，但不包含任何分化组成部分。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :778-82
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9
参考中文标题：
宏观血管入侵滑膜肉瘤的MRI明显。
PMID及链接：
16132983 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16132983
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摘 要：
We present a case of recurrent synovial sarcoma in the soft tissues of the calf, where MR imaging not only confirmed the diagnosis of tumour recurrence, but also demonstrated direct venous invasion and tumour thrombus within the popliteal vein and its tributaries. Venous invasion has particular relevance to synovial sarcoma prognostication and should be actively sought on MR imaging. To our knowledge this is the first reported case in the English literature of histologically proven macroscopic popliteal vein invasion from a synovial sarcoma demonstrated on MR imaging.
参考中文摘要：
我们提出一个案件经常滑膜肉瘤中的软组织的小腿，在磁共振成像不仅证实了诊断肿瘤复发，但也表明直接静脉血栓的入侵和肿瘤的腘静脉及其支流。静脉入侵特别相关的滑膜肉瘤预测，并应积极寻求对磁共振成像。据我们所知这是第一次报告的案件中英文文献的病理证实宏观腘静脉入侵从滑膜肉瘤的磁共振成像表现。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :783-6
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10
参考中文标题：
多灶性上皮样血管内皮瘤的指骨手。
PMID及链接：
16132980 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16132980
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Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) of bone is a rare vascular neoplasm characterized by epithelioid endothelial cells and a variable biologic behaviour. The principal sites of occurrence of this osteolytic tumor are the lower extremity and the axial skeleton. Approximately half of the cases present with multifocal disease. The latter feature can be helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of a vascular tumor; on the other hand, it strengthens the need for a skeletal survey or whole-body MRI/CT. We report on the clinical, histologic and radiologic features-including CT and MRI findings-of EH in a case of multifocal disease of the phalanges of the hand, a very uncommon anatomic site of affliction.
参考中文摘要：
上皮样血管内皮瘤（病）的骨是一种罕见的血管肿瘤的特点是上皮样血管内皮细胞和一个变量生物学行为。主要地点发生的这溶骨性肿瘤是下肢和轴向骨架。大约一半的情况下本病与多。后者的功能可帮助暗示诊断血管瘤;另一方面，它加强了必要的调查或骨骼全身的MRI / CT检查。我们报告的临床，病理和影像学特征，包括CT ， MRI表现的高血压在案件多病指骨的手，一个非常少见部位的痛苦。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :787-92
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11
参考中文标题：
骨膜下血管内皮细胞瘤的股骨。
PMID及链接：
16421750 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16421750
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摘 要：
Primary neoplastic vascular lesions of bone are rare, and include haemangiomas, haemangioendothelioma, epithelioid haemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma. These lesions may be multicentric, and when they involve bone are typically intraosseous and lytic. Radiological findings are not always specific. We report a case of haemangioendothelioma localised to the subperiosteum of the femur, a site not previously described for this lesion. The nomenclature for vascular neoplasms in bone is discussed.
参考中文摘要：
原发性肿瘤血管病变骨是罕见的，其中包括haemangiomas ， haemangioendothelioma ，上皮样血管肉瘤haemangioendothelioma和。这些病变可多，当它们涉及通常骨内和溶解。放射性调查结果并不总是具体的。我们报告一例haemangioendothelioma局部的骨膜股骨，网站以前没有说明这一病变。的名称血管肿瘤骨进行了讨论。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :793-6
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12
参考中文标题：
有用的磁共振成像诊断的痛苦抢购肘。
PMID及链接：
15940486 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15940486
全文链接：
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摘 要：
Painful snapping of the elbows is rare. We report on a 12-year-old boy with a painful snap in both elbows. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow using microscopy coils detected a synovial fold interposed in each humeroradial joint and was very helpful in establishing the cause of symptoms. Resection of the synovial folds was performed with subsequent relief of symptoms.
参考中文摘要：
痛苦抢购的胳膊肘是罕见的。我们报告一个12岁的男孩与一个痛苦的单元在手肘。高分辨率磁共振成像肘关节线圈用显微镜检测滑膜倍插嘴在每个humeroradial联合，是非常有益的事业中建立的症状。切除滑膜皱襞与随后进行救济的症状。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2006 Oct ,35 (10) :797-800
相关链接：
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中文提供：
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