参考中文标题：

骨移植替代。

作者单位：

Pathology, Orthopaedic Surgery, and The Spine Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, USA. bauert@ccf.org

PMID及链接：

17912519 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17912519

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出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1105-7

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参考中文标题：

进行前景分析CT密度测量的骨转移治疗后唑来膦酸。

作者单位：

Department of Radiology, Centro Interdisciplinare per la Ricerca Bio-Medica, Via Longoni 47, 00155, Rome, Italy. c.quattrocchi@unicampus.it

PMID及链接：

17912514 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17912514

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摘  要：

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to prospectively determine CT density changes in bone metastases, before and after intravenous zoledronic acid for a maximum period of 12 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive patients presented with bone metastases and underwent therapy with zoledronic acid from December 2004. All patients underwent CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Bone density, measured in Hounsfield units (HU), was determined by segmenting lesions in the same anatomical area of the metastasis sites on the axial images of the sequential series of CT examinations. The effects of zoledronic acid were evaluated by calculating absolute and relative increases in bone density. RESULTS: The patients presented with multiple metastases in 65% of the cases. When compared with the baseline, all groups demonstrated a significant increase in bone density, which significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with the number of zoledronic acid administrations. There was increased bone density of at least 100% in 57%, and an increase of at least 50% in 87% of the patients. This increase was significant in both lytic and sclerotic metastases after 3 months of therapy. No significant bone density difference was found in normal-appearing bone. CONCLUSION: Bone density measured by CT increases at metastatic sites after zoledronic acid treatment, regardless of the type of metastasis, in contrast to apparently normal bone.

参考中文摘要：

目标：目标是将来确定CT密度变化，骨转移，前，后静脉注射唑来膦酸，有效期最长为12个月。病人与方法： 23例骨转移提出并接受了治疗，唑来膦酸从2004年12月。所有病人的CT的胸部，腹部和骨盆。骨密度测量菲尔德单位（胡） ，确定病变的划分在同一解剖领域的转移地点轴向图像序列一系列的CT检查。的影响进行了评价唑来膦酸的绝对值和相对值计算增加骨密度。结果：患者多转移65 ％的案件。当比较基准，所有群体表现出显着增加骨密度，这显着（ P “ 0.01 ）相关的数量唑来膦酸的行政管理能力。有骨质密度增加了至少100 ％ ， 57 ％ ，并增加了至少50 ％在87 ％的患者。这显着增加在裂解和硬化转移后3个月的治疗。骨密度无显着差异，在正常，出现骨。结论：骨密度测量的CT增加转移地点在唑来膦酸治疗后，不论什么类型的转移，而相比之下，显然是正常的骨骼。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1121-7

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磁共振成像的腘腓韧带：各向同性三维我们与硕士与冠状斜脂肪抑制T2加权MRI检查。

作者单位：

Department of Radiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.

PMID及链接：

17938917 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17938917

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OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare isotropic 3D water excitation double-echo steady state (WE-DESS) MRI with coronal oblique fat-suppressed T2-weighted (FS T2W) images in the identification of the popliteofibular ligament (PFL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective analysis of 122 consecutive knee MRIs was performed in patients referred for knee pain from the orthopaedic clinic. In addition to the standard knee sequences, isotropic WE-DESS volume acquisition through the whole knee and coronal oblique FS T2W fast spin echo sequences through the posterolateral corner were obtained. The presence of the popliteus and biceps femoris tendons, lateral collateral and PFL was documented. Anterior cruciate ligament injury was present in 33 cases and these were excluded from the study because of the risk of associated PFL injury, leaving a total of 89 cases. Of the 42 patients in whom arthroscopic evaluation was subsequently obtained, none were found to have an injury to the PFL. RESULTS: The lateral collateral ligament, biceps femoris and popliteus tendon were identified in all cases on all sequences. The PFL was seen in 81 (91.0%; 95% CI 85.1-97.0%) patients using the WE-DESS sequence and 63 (70.8%; 95% CI 61.3-80.2%) patients using the coronal oblique FS T2W sequence, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.00005). CONCLUSION: Isotropic 3D WE-DESS MRI significantly enhances our ability to identify the popliteofibular ligament compared with coronal oblique fat-suppressed T2-weighted images.

参考中文摘要：

目标：目标是比较各向同性三维水励磁双回波稳态（我们，硕士）的MRI与冠状斜脂肪抑制T2加权（财政司司长T2加权）的图像识别腘腓韧带（腘腓韧带） 。材料与方法：前瞻性分析122连续膝核磁共振成像是在患者的膝盖疼痛提到的骨科诊所。除了标准的膝盖序列，各向同性我们与硕士量收购整个膝盖和冠状斜财政司司长T2加权快速自旋回波序列通过后，获得角球。在场的情况下popliteus和股二头肌肌腱，外侧和腘腓韧带被记录在案。前十字韧带损伤33例中，这些被排除在研究，因为风险的相关腘腓韧带损伤，共造成89例。对其中42例关节镜在后来获得的评价，但没有被发现受伤，腘腓韧带。结果：外侧副韧带，股二头肌肌腱和popliteus确定了在所有情况下，对所有序列。腘腓韧带被看作是在81 （ 91.0 ％ ; 95 ％ CI为85.1-97.0 ％ ）患者使用我们与硕士序列和63 （ 70.8 ％ ; 95 ％ CI为61.3-80.2 ％ ）患者使用冠状斜财政司司长T2加权序列，统计学显着差异（ P “ 0.00005 ） 。结论：三维各向同性我们与硕士磁共振大大提高我们的能力，以确定腘腓韧带与冠状斜脂肪抑制T2加权图像。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1141-6

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参考中文标题：

磁共振成像结果间前神经病变。

作者单位：

Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool, L7 8XP, UK. andrew.dunn@rlbuht.nhs.uk

PMID及链接：

17938918 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17938918

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OBJECTIVE: To study and characterise the MR imaging findings of lesions of the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the forearm of ten patients referred to our institution with suspected AIN lesions were retrospectively studied. Five healthy volunteers with normal forearm MRI findings formed a control group. Two musculoskeletal radiologists assessed the forearm musculature for oedema in the distribution of the AIN, median, posterior interosseous and radial nerves on T2-weighted (T2W) fat-saturated sequences. T1-weighted (T1W) images were assessed and graded for the presence of muscle atrophy and fatty involution. RESULTS: Six patients had undergone surgical exploration; five of these had surgically confirmed AIN compression. Four patients had diagnoses other than AIN compression made on imaging features. Of the cases of proven AIN compression, oedema within the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle was identified in all cases. PQ atrophy and fatty involution were seen in three (43%) surgically confirmed cases. Cases 2 and 3 also demonstrated oedema in the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)1 and FDP2 muscles. These cases also showed oedema in the flexor-carpi radialis (FCR) and FDP3/FDP4 muscles, respectively. The four cases of non-AIN compression demonstrated muscle oedema patterns that were atypical for the AIN distribution. They included a rupture of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon, brachial neuritis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and compression of the proximal median nerve. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is a useful investigation in the diagnostic workup of AIN syndrome. AIN syndrome is likely when there is diffuse oedema of AIN innervated muscles on T2W fat-saturated images. The most reliable sign of an AIN lesion is oedema within the PQ. Oedema in the flexor carpi radialis, FDP3 and FDP4, although not in the classical distribution of the AIN, does not preclude the diagnosis of AIN syndrome.

参考中文摘要：

目的：研究和定性的磁共振成像结果病变间前神经（氮化铝） 。材料与方法：磁共振成像（ MRI ）结果10例前臂提到我们的机构与涉嫌氮化病变进行回顾性分析。 5例健康志愿者前臂正常MRI表现形成了一个对照组。两个肌肉骨骼放射评估前臂肌肉组织的水肿的分配艾因，中，后骨间和桡神经的T2加权（ T2加权）脂肪饱和序列。 T1加权（ T1W ）图像进行了评估，并分级是否存在肌肉萎缩和脂肪卷。结果： 6例患者进行了手术探查;五个这些已经手术证实氮化铝压缩。 4名患者已诊断以外所作的氮化铝压缩影像学特征。的案件证明氮化压缩，水肿内旋前方（百草枯）肌肉中确定的所有情况。百草枯萎缩和脂肪卷被视为在三个（ 43 ％ ）手术证实的病例。例2和第3款还表明水肿在屈指深（果糖） 1和FDP2肌肉。这些案件还表明水肿的屈肌，桡侧腕（饲料转化率）和FDP3/FDP4肌肉分别。 4起案件的非氮化铝压缩表明肌肉水肿模式是非典型的氮化分配。它们包括破裂拇长屈肌（人民解放军）肌腱，臂丛神经炎，肌萎缩侧索硬化症和压缩近端正中神经。结论： MRI是一个有用的调查诊断workup氮化铝综合征。氮化铝综合征可能时，弥漫水肿氮化铝支配肌肉的T2加权脂肪饱和图像。最可靠的迹象，氮化铝病变是水肿的电能质量。水肿在桡侧腕屈肌， FDP3和FDP4 ，虽然不是在古典分配艾因，并不排除诊断肾炎综合症。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1155-62

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三维自旋锁磁共振成像肩关节3电话：初步经验。

作者单位：

Radiology Department, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. relarocca@gmail.com

PMID及链接：

17912522 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17912522

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摘  要：

OBJECTIVES: This was a pilot study which aimed to assess the feasibility of 3D-spin-lock (3D-T(1rho)) MRI of the shoulder joint and to establish baseline values of healthy humeral and glenoid cartilages in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four asymptomatic volunteers [mean age 31 years (range 29-36 years)] were recruited. A 3.0 T scanner, employing a four-channel, phased-array, shoulder, radio-frequency (RF) coil was used. Three-dimensional T(1rho)-weighted images were acquired with a 3D gradient-echo (GRE) sequence with T(1rho) magnetization preparation. In order to a construct T(1rho) map, we acquired four 3D-T(1rho)-weighted images with spin-locking length (TSL) values of 2 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, and 30 ms. The glenoid and humeral cartilage were segmented manually at each slice of the 3D images. We performed additional regional analysis by dividing the cartilage into anterior/posterior and superior/inferior regions. RESULTS: The global average T(1rho) value of the shoulder cartilages varied from 37.9 ms to 48.5 ms and from 32.4 ms to 36.9 ms for humeral and glenoid cartilages, respectively. In the humeral cartilage, the average regional T(1rho) values varied from 35.9 ms to 52.2 ms; 54.4 ms to 69.0 ms; 39.1 ms to 49.3 ms and 34.6 ms to 57.2 ms for the anterior-superior, anterior-inferior , posterior-superior and posterior-inferior regions, respectively. In the glenoid cartilage, the values varied from 31.3 ms to 40.8 ms; 34.1 ms to 35.3 ms; 26.7 ms to 37.2 ms and 32.8 ms to 35.7 ms for the same regions, respectively. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that 3D-T(1rho) MRI of the shoulder can be performed on a 3 T clinical scanner within specific absorption rate (SAR) limits, and we present baseline values for healthy patients which may be useful for quantitative comparison with diseased shoulders.

参考中文摘要：

目标：本是一个试验性研究，旨在评估的可行性，三维旋转锁（三维- T的（ 1rho ） ）磁共振肩关节，并建立健康的基线值肱骨和关节软骨的体内。材料与方法：四无症状志愿者[平均年龄31岁（范围29-36岁） ]被招募。 3.0 Ť扫描仪，采用了四通道，相控阵，肩膀，射频（ RF ）线圈用。三维吨（ 1rho ）加权像被收购的三维梯度回波（ GRE考试）序列与T （ 1rho ）磁化准备。为了建构吨（ 1rho ）地图，我们收购了四个三维吨（ 1rho ）加权像自旋锁长度（ TSL ）值的2毫秒， 10毫秒， 20毫秒， 30毫秒。肱骨的关节软骨和分割手动在每片的三维图像。我们进行更多的区域分析除以软骨成前/后和优越/劣势地区。结果：全球平均吨（ 1rho ）价值的肩膀软骨从37.9毫秒为48.5 ms和32.4毫秒从36.9毫秒肱骨和关节软骨分别。在肱骨软骨，平均区域吨（ 1rho ）值从35.9毫秒至52.2毫秒; 54.4毫秒为69.0毫秒; 39.1毫秒49.3 ms和34.6毫秒57.2毫秒的前后优越，前劣，后，上级和后下的地区，分别为。在关节软骨，不同的价值31.3毫秒至40.8毫秒; 34.1毫秒至35.3毫秒; 26.7毫秒为37.2 ms和32.8毫秒的35.7毫秒为同一区域，分别为。结论：我们表明，三维吨（ 1rho ）磁共振成像的肩膀上就可以执行了3 Ť临床扫描器在特定吸收率（ SAR ）的限制，我们目前的基准值为健康病人可能是有用的数量相比，患病肩上。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1171-5

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参考中文标题：

骨内脂肪瘤。

作者单位：

Department of Radiology, MSK, A21, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44095, USA. sundarm@ccf.org

PMID及链接：

17618431 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17618431

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Two patients with lesions in the acetabulum and femur, evident on imaging, were found to have normal marrow elements without a histopathological lesion on curettage of the acetabulum and resection of the femur, respectively. Radiographs on the first patient showed a sclerotic benign appearing acetabular lesion reminiscent of a fibro-osseous lesion while MRI showed the entire lesion to contain fat. The histological features were neither of a fibro-osseous lesion nor a lipoma, but only normal to mildly hypercellular marrow elements. The second patient had a long and expansive femoral osteolytic lesion which on biopsy showed cellular marrow. A subsequent stress fracture led to resection and prosthetic replacement. Microscopic findings revealed only cellular hematopoietic marrow with mature red and white cell lines, megakaryocytes, and a few mast cells devoid of trabecular bones. The microscopic features in the first patient raised the possibility of hematopoietic hyperplasia. Neither the radiographic nor MRI features were consistent with that diagnosis. The spectrum of imaging findings and microscopic appearances in both patients best fit the diagnosis of intraosseous myelolipoma.

参考中文摘要：

2例病变在髋臼及股骨，明显的影像，被发现正常骨髓内容不刮病理病变的髋臼及股骨切除分别。 X光片上的第一个病人表现出髋臼出现硬化良性病变的一种追忆，纤维骨性病变，而MRI显示整个病变含有脂肪。组织学特点，既不是一个纤维骨性病变，也不是一个脂肪瘤，但只有正常的轻度hypercellular骨髓要素。第二个病人进行了长期和广泛的溶骨性病变的股骨头上显示细胞骨髓活检。随后应力性骨折导致切除及人工假体置换。微观调查结果显示只有骨髓造血细胞成熟的红色和白色细胞系，巨核细胞，少数肥大细胞缺乏小梁骨头。微观特征提出的第一个病人的可能性造血增生。无论是X线或MRI表现均符合这一诊断。光谱成像结果和微观出现在最适合病人的诊断骨内脂肪瘤。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1181-4

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多发性周围神经介入与多发性骨髓瘤。

作者单位：

Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan. yokamoto@md.tsukuba.ac.jp

PMID及链接：

17653712 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17653712

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Infiltration of myeloma cells along the peripheral nerve is extremely rare, while multiple myeloma occasionally infiltrates the central nervous system. We present details of a patient in whom multiple myeloma had infiltrated a branch of the femoral nerve of the right inguinal region as well as the left ulnar nerve. The infiltration formed soft tissue masses, with the thickened nerves shown to be penetrating the center of the masses on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.

参考中文摘要：

骨髓瘤细胞浸润的沿周围神经极为罕见，而多发性骨髓瘤偶尔浸润中枢神经系统。我们目前的细节，病人在其中多发性骨髓瘤已经渗透到分行的股神经权腹股沟区以及左尺神经。渗透形成软组织肿块，与增厚神经证明是穿透性的中心群众超声和磁共振成像。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1191-3

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颞骨进展囊性血管瘤病。

作者单位：

Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Room S-062A, Grant Building, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5105, USA.

PMID及链接：

17912518 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17912518

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Cystic angiomatosis is a rare, benign, multifocal disorder of bone and viscera, in which angiomatous deposits of both vascular and lymphatic elements result in bone lysis and organ dysfunction. We report on a case of late-onset cystic angiomatosis in a Caucasian woman who first presented at age 35 years with a lytic expansile lesion of the proximal humerus, initially diagnosed as low-grade hemangio-endothelioma. This was treated with injection of cement and prophylactic pinning. However, the lesion continued to grow, and, 5 years later, she was discovered to have disseminated bony involvement, initially thought to represent metastatic disease. However, further investigation revealed a diagnosis of cystic angiomatosis, and the patient was treated with bisphosphonates. Follow-up over a 15-year period since her initial presentation at age 35 years has shown osteosclerotic conversion of many of the lesions, with development of numerous pathologic stress fractures that have failed to heal, despite operative intervention.

参考中文摘要：

囊性血管瘤病是一种罕见的良性肿瘤，多动障碍的骨骼和内脏，其中血管的存款都血管和淋巴要素导致骨溶解和器官功能障碍。我们报告一例迟发性囊性血管瘤病在白人女性谁岁时第一次提出35年的裂解扩张病变的肱骨近端，最初诊断为低度恶性血管内皮瘤。这是注射治疗水泥和预防性固定。然而，病变继续增长，和， 5年后，她被发现有传播骨参与，起初以为代表转移性疾病。然而，进一步调查发现囊性血管瘤病诊断，病人是与二膦酸盐治疗。后续行动的15年期间，因为她最初提交的年龄35年已经表明osteosclerotic转换的许多病变，与发展的许多病理应力性骨折已经没有愈合，但手术干预。

出  处：

Skeletal radiology. 2007 Dec  ,36 (12) :1199-204

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