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1
参考中文标题：
绒毛结节性滑膜炎（ PVNS ）的脊椎。
PMID及链接：
15703944 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15703944
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To describe the imaging features of spinal pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS). DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We retrospectively reviewed 15 cases of pathologically proven spinal PVNS. Patient demographics and clinical presentation were reviewed. Radiologic studies were evaluated by consensus of two musculoskeletal radiologists for spinal location, spinal segments affected, lesion center, detection of facet origin and intrinsic characteristics on radiography (n=11), myelography (n=7), CT (n=6) and MR imaging (n=6). RESULTS: Women (64%) were more commonly affected than men (36%) with an average age of 28 years. Clinical symptoms were pain (45%), neurologic (9%) or both (36%). Lesions most frequently affected the cervical spine (53%) followed by the thoracic (27%) and lumbar regions (20%). The majority of lesions (93%) were centered in the posterior elements with frequent involvement of the pedicle (67%), neural foramina (73%), lamina (67%) and facets (93%). No lesions showed calcification. Determination of a facet origin by imaging was dependent on imaging modality and lesion size. A facet origin could be determined in 45% of cases by radiography vs 67% of patients by CT (n=6) and MR (n=6). Large lesions (greater than 3 cm in at least one dimension) obscured the facet origin in all cases with CT and/or MR imaging (44%,n=4). Small lesions (less than 3 cm in any dimension) demonstrated an obvious facet origin in all cases by CT and/or MR imaging (56%,n=5). Low-to-intermediate signal intensity was seen in all cases on T2-weighted MR images resulting from hemosiderin deposition with "blooming effect" in one case with gradient echo MR images. CONCLUSIONS: PVNS of the spine is rare. Large lesions obscure the facet origin and simulate an aggressive intraosseous neoplasm. Patient age, a solitary noncystic lesion centered in the posterior elements, lack of mineralization and low-to-intermediate signal intensity on all MR pulse sequences may suggest the diagnosis in these cases. Small lesions demonstrate a facet origin on CT or MR imaging. This limits differential considerations to synovial-based lesions and additional features of a solitary focus, lack of underlying disease or systemic arthropathy, no calcification as well as low-to-intermediate signal intensity on all MR images should allow spinal PVNS to be suggested as the likely diagnosis.
参考中文摘要：
目的：描述的影像学特征脊髓色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎（ PVNS ） 。设计与患者：我们回顾性分析15例病理证实脊髓PVNS 。人口和病人临床表现进行了审查。放射学研究，以协商一致的评价两个肌肉骨骼放射脊柱的位置，脊椎部分的影响，病变中心，检测面起源和本质特征的X光（ 11例） ，脊髓造影术（ 7例） ， CT诊断（ n = 6 ）和磁共振成像（ 6例） 。结果：妇女（ 64 ％ ）的现象更普遍，影响比男性（ 36 ％ ） ，平均年龄为28岁。临床症状有疼痛（ 45 ％ ） ，神经系统（ 9 ％ ）或两个（ 36 ％ ） 。病变最常见的影响颈椎（ 53 ％ ） ，其次是胸部（ 27 ％ ）和腰地区（ 20 ％ ） 。大多数病灶（ 93 ％ ）集中在了后部要素参与频繁的蒂（ 67 ％ ） ，神经孔（ 73 ％ ） ，板（ 67 ％ ）和面（ 93 ％ ） 。没有病灶钙化。确定原产地的成像方面依赖于成像方式和病灶大小。一个方面原产地可确定在45 ％的情况下， X线与67 ％的患者的CT （ n = 6 ）和磁共振（ 6例） 。大病灶（大于3厘米，至少有一维）掩盖了面起源于所有情况的CT和/或磁共振成像（ 44 ％ ， 4例） 。小病灶（小于3厘米的任何层面）方面表现出明显的原产地在所有情况下，经CT和/或磁共振成像（ 56 ％ ， 5例） 。低到中等信号强度被视为在所有情况下，在T2加权磁共振图像因含铁血黄素沉积与“开花效应”一例梯度回波MR图像。结论： PVNS脊柱是罕见的。大病灶掩盖面起源和模拟攻击内肿瘤。病人的年龄，孤独noncystic病变集中在后的内容，缺乏矿化及低信号强度中间的所有议员脉冲序列可以建议在这种情况下诊断。小病灶的一个方面证明原产地的CT或磁共振成像。这限制差别考虑滑膜的病变及附加功能的单独集中，缺乏基本的疾病或全身性关节病，没有钙化以及低到中等信号强度的所有MR图像应允许脊髓PVNS将建议作为可能的诊断。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :185-95
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2
参考中文标题：
磁共振成像结果患者内侧髁。
PMID及链接：
15711999 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15711999
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To compare the MR imaging findings of 13 patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis with the MR imaging findings of 26 patients of similar age with no clinical evidence of medial epicondylitis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The study group consisted of 13 patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis. The control group consisted of 26 patients of similar age with no clinical evidence of medial epicondylitis. The medical records and MR imaging findings of these patients were retrospectively reviewed by two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists. RESULTS: Eleven of the 13 patients in the study group had thickening and increased signal intensity of the common flexor tendon on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The remaining two patients in the study group had soft tissue edema around a normal-appearing common flexor tendon. Twenty-one of the 26 patients in the control group had a normal-appearing common flexor tendon on MR imaging. Three patients in the control group had a thickened common flexor tendon which was of intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images but of uniform low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Two patients in the control group had a thickened common flexor tendon which was of intermediate signal intensity on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. None of the patients in the control group had soft tissue edema around the common flexor tendon. CONCLUSION: MR imaging findings of patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis included thickening and increased T1 and T2 signal intensity of the common flexor tendon and soft tissue edema around the common flexor tendon. The presence of intermediate to high T2 signal intensity or high T2 signal intensity within the common flexor tendon and the presence of paratendinous soft tissue edema were the most specific findings of medial epicondylitis on MR imaging.
参考中文摘要：
目的：比较磁共振成像结果13例临床诊断内侧髁与磁共振成像发现26例类似的年龄没有临床证据内侧髁。设计与患者：研究组13例临床诊断内侧髁。对照组26例患者的年龄相仿，没有临床证据内侧髁。医疗记录和磁共振成像结果，这些患者进行回顾两个奖学金训练肌肉骨骼放射。结果： 11的13例患者在研究组增厚，增加信号强度的共同屈肌腱都T1加权和T2加权图像。其余两名患者在研究组的软组织水肿周围正常出现共同屈肌腱。 21个的26例对照组的正常出现共同屈肌腱的磁共振成像。三对照组有一个共同的屈肌腱增厚是中间信号强度T1加权图像，但统一的低信号强度在T2加权像。两个对照组有一个共同的屈肌腱增厚是中间信号强度都T1加权和T2加权图像。无对照组的软组织水肿围绕一个共同屈肌腱。结论：磁共振成像结果患者的临床诊断内侧髁包括加厚，增加T1和T2信号强度的共同屈肌腱和软组织水肿围绕一个共同屈肌腱。在场的情况下，以高中级时刻信号强度或高时刻信号强度的共同屈肌腱和存在paratendinous软组织水肿是最具体的调查结果内侧髁的磁共振成像。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :196-202
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3
参考中文标题：
特发性和糖尿病骨骼肌坏死：评价磁共振成像。
PMID及链接：
15700181 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15700181
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: Idiopathic and diabetic-associated muscle necrosis are similar, uncommon clinical entities requiring conservative management and minimal intervention to avoid complications and prolonged hospitalization. An early noninvasive diagnosis is therefore essential. We evaluated the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of muscle necrosis in 14 patients, in eight of whom the diagnoses were confirmed histologically. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists performed retrospective evaluations of the MRI studies of 14 patients with the diagnoses of skeletal muscle infarction. In 10 cases gadolinium-enhanced (T1-weighted fat-suppressed) sequences were available along with T1-weighted, T2-weighted images and STIR sequences, while in four cases contrast-enhanced images were not available. RESULTS: Eight patients had underlying diabetes and in six patients the cause of the myonecrosis was considered idiopathic. T1-weighted images demonstrated isointense swelling of the involved muscle, with mildly displaced fascial planes. There was effacement of the fat signal intensity within the muscle. Fat-suppressed T2-weighted images showed diffuse heterogeneous high signal intensity in the muscles suggestive of edema. Perifascial fluid collection was seen in eight cases. Subcutaneous edema was present in seven patients. Following intravenous gadolinium administration, MRI demonstrated a focal area of heterogeneously enhancing mass with peripheral enhancement. Within this focal lesion, linear dark areas were seen with serpentine enhancing streaks separating them in eight cases. In two cases, a central relatively nonenhancing mass with irregular margins and peripheral enhancement was noted. The peripheral enhancement involved a significant part of the muscle. No focal fluid collection was noted. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the constellation of imaging findings on T1- and T2-weighted images and post-gadolinium sequences is highly suggestive of muscle necrosis. We consider certain specific findings on gadolinium-enhanced images to be characteristic. The findings reported here should provide radiologists with useful information in making the diagnosis of skeletal muscle necrosis without resorting to invasive procedures.
参考中文摘要：
目的：特发性和糖尿病相关肌肉坏死是相似的，不常见的临床实体要求保守的管理和最低限度的干预，以避免并发症及长期住院。早期无创诊断是必要的。我们评价磁共振成像（ MRI ）特点，肌肉坏死14例，其中8人中的病理诊断证实。设计和病人：两名经验丰富的肌肉骨骼放射表现的回顾性评价MRI研究14例患者的诊断与骨骼肌梗死。在10例钆增强（ T1加权脂肪抑制）序列可与T1加权， T2加权图像和STIR序列，而在4个案件对比增强图像无法使用。结果： 8例已基本糖尿病和6例的原因myonecrosis被认为是特发性。 T1加权图像显示isointense肿胀涉及肌肉，筋膜与轻度流离失所飞机。有抹杀的脂肪信号强度的肌肉。脂肪抑制T2加权图像显示弥漫性非均质高信号强度的肌肉暗示水肿。 Perifascial积液，看到在8起案件。皮下水肿在场的7名患者。静脉钆管理， MRI检查显示的一个重点领域不均匀加强与周边群众增强。在这个病灶，线性黑暗领域被视为与蛇纹石加强条纹分隔的8起案件。在两起案件中，中央相对nonenhancing大规模不规则边缘和边缘强化指出。周边加强参与的重要组成部分的肌肉。没有联络积液指出。结论：我们认为，该星座的影像表现在T1和T2加权图像和后钆序列具有高度暗示性肌肉坏死。我们认为，某些具体的调查结果钆增强图像的特征。这里报告的调查结果应该提供有用的信息与放射作出诊断骨骼肌坏死，而不诉诸侵入程序。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :203-9
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4
参考中文标题：
磁共振成像的掌指关节的手指：评价38例慢性联合残疾。
PMID及链接：
15729562 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15729562
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To report the MR imaging findings of painful injured metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the fingers. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: MR imaging of 39 injured MCP joints in 38 patients was performed after a mean delay of 8.8 months. The MR images were obtained with the fingers in extended and flexed positions using T2-weighted and T1-weighted sequences before and after intravenous injection of a gadolinium compound. Ten patients were treated surgically. Mean clinical follow-up was 1.8 years. RESULTS: Tears of the collateral ligaments were the most common lesion (30/39), most being radial in location. Contrast-enhanced axial T1-weighted images with the MCP joint in a flexed position showed these lesions optimally. Ten tears were partial and 20 were complete. In 13 patients, MR images showed 17 associated lesions including injuries of the extensor hood (10/17), interosseous tendon (3/17), palmar plate (3/17), and an osteochondral lesion (1/17). Sagittal MR images were essential to highlight palmar plate tears. CONCLUSION: Partial or complete tears of the collateral ligaments are prevalent MR imaging findings in patients with chronic disability resulting from injuries to the MCP joints. Although conservative treatment generally is sufficient for isolated injuries of the collateral ligaments, surgical repair is often required in cases of more extensive injuries. MR imaging may clearly delineate associated lesions of and about the MCP joints.
参考中文摘要：
目的：报告磁共振成像结果痛苦受伤掌（ MCP的）关节的手指。设计与患者：磁共振成像的39人受伤的MCP 38例关节完成后，平均延误8.8个月。磁共振图像获得的手指延长和弯曲部位使用T2加权和T1加权序列的前，后静脉注射的钆化合物。 10例手术治疗。临床平均随访1.8年。结果：泪副韧带是最常见的病灶（ 30/39 ） ，大多数人的径向位置。增强轴向T1加权图像的MCP联合在弯曲的立场表明这些病变最佳。 10眼泪部分， 20人完成。 13例，磁共振成像显示， 17个相关的病变，包括受伤的伸肌遮光罩（ 10/17 ） ，间肌腱（ 3月17日） ，掌板（ 3月17日） ，和骨软骨病变（ 1月17日） 。矢状位磁共振成像是必不可少的突出掌板眼泪。结论：全部或部分眼泪抵押品韧带普遍存在磁共振成像结果在治疗慢性损伤造成残疾的MCP的关节。虽然保守治疗一般是足够的孤立损伤的侧副韧带，手术往往需要在更广泛的情况下受伤。磁共振成像可以清楚地界定和相关病变的MCP的关节。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :210-6
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5
参考中文标题：
该籽指数银屑病性关节病。
PMID及链接：
15365781 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15365781
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The sesamoid index was originally described as an aid to the diagnosis of acromegaly. We performed this study to assess the value of the thumb sesamoid index in the diagnosis of psoriatic arthropathy. DESIGN: Retrospective measurement of the sesamoid index (length x width of the medial thumb sesamoid), along with the age and sex were recorded for patients as described below. Patients with psoriasis were subdivided into those with or without radiographic evidence of hand arthropathy. PATIENTS: Fifty-nine consecutive patients attending rheumatology clinics with arthralgia and psoriasis were studied. Comparison groups with radiographic evidence of rheumatoid arthritis (52 patients), osteoarthritis (44) or normal hands (55) were also recorded. RESULTS: Twenty-one of 59 patients with psoriasis and arthropathy had a sesamoid index>40, compared with two of 52 with rheumatoid arthritis, none of 44 with osteoarthritis and none of 55 normals. CONCLUSIONS: Psoriatic arthropathy is a recognised cause of bone enlargement, usually in the phalanges due to periostitis and proliferative enthesopathy. We have confirmed that psoriatic hand arthropathy can cause significant enlargement of the thumb sesamoids, a feature which is easily quantified and may assist diagnosis.
参考中文摘要：
目的：籽指数最初是描述为一个辅助诊断肢端肥大症。我们进行这项研究，以评估价值的拇指籽指数在诊断银屑病性关节病。设计：回顾性测量籽指数（长x宽内侧拇指籽） ，随着年龄和性别的病人均录如下所述。银屑病患者分为有或无放射影像证据手关节病。患者： 59例患者参加的诊所风湿病关节痛和牛皮癣进行了研究。对比组的影像证据，类风湿关节炎（ 52例） ，骨性关节炎（ 44 ）或正常的手（ 55 ）亦录。结果： 21名的59例银屑病和关节病有籽指数“ 40个，相比之下，两个52类风湿关节炎，但44和无骨关节炎55例正常人。结论：银屑病性关节病是一种公认的原因骨扩大，通常在指骨由于骨膜炎和增殖enthesopathy 。我们已经证实，银屑病的手关节病可造成重大扩大拇指籽骨，一个特点是很容易量化和可协助诊断。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :217-20
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6
参考中文标题：
一名40岁的gossypiboma （异物肉芽肿）模仿恶性股骨肿瘤表面。
PMID及链接：
15365779 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15365779
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摘 要：
The patient was a 61-year-old man who developed gossypiboma of the left thigh and femur resulting in the imaging appearances of a malignant surface tumor. He had a past history of surgery on the left femur for open fracture 40 years previously. Radiographs and CT showed a soft tissue mass with osteolysis and periosteal thickening of the left femur. On MRI, the mass showed heterogeneous signal intensity with contrast enhancement at the periphery, suggesting a malignancy. 99mTc-HMDP bone scintigraphy showed a faint ring-like uptake, but thallium -201 scintigraphy did not show any uptake in the tumor. An extensive intralesional excision was performed. Postoperative histopathological examination showed a fibrous foreign body with reactive changes. There were neither viable cells nor atypical giant cells around the foreign body. No malignant change was evident. Based on surgical and histopathological examinations, the tumor was finally diagnosed as gossypiboma related to a retained surgical sponge.
参考中文摘要：
患者为一名61岁男子谁开发gossypiboma的左大腿和股骨造成的影像学表现恶性表面肿瘤。他对过去历史的手术，左股骨骨折开放40年以前。 X光片和CT显示软组织肿块与溶骨及骨膜增厚左股骨。 MRI上，大众显示信号强度与异构增强边缘，提出了恶性肿瘤。鎝- 99m - HMDP骨显像表现出微弱的环状摄取，但铊-201核素没有任何摄取肿瘤。广泛的病灶内切除手术。术后病理检查表明，纤维异物反应性的变化。有既不可行，也不非典型细胞巨细胞周围异物。无恶性变化是显而易见的。根据手术及病理检查，肿瘤终于被确诊为gossypiboma涉及保留手术海绵。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :221-4
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7
参考中文标题：
经常骨巨细胞瘤的同时区域淋巴结转移和肺转移。
PMID及链接：
15365782 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15365782
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摘 要：
Giant cell tumors of bone are known for their unpredictable behavior characterized occasionally even by metastases. Most metastases lodge in the lungs but other rare sites are regional lymph nodes, mediastinum, skin, scalp and the pelvis. In this case report we document a case of giant cell tumor of the patella in which, associated with local recurrence, there were simultaneous metastases to lymph nodes and lungs.
参考中文摘要：
骨巨细胞瘤是众所周知的难以预测的行为特点有时甚至转移。大多数转移提出在肺部，但其他罕见的网站区域淋巴结，纵隔，皮肤，头皮和骨盆。在这种情况下，报告中，我们的文件情况下巨细胞瘤的髌骨，其中与局部复发，有同步转移至淋巴结和肺部。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :225-8
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8
参考中文标题：
腹内痛风模仿盆腔脓肿。
PMID及链接：
15778870 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15778870
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摘 要：
Gout is the most common crystal-induced arthritis. Gouty tophi typically deposit in the extremities, especially toes and fingers. We present an unusual case of intrapelvic tophaceous gout in a patient suffering from chronic gouty arthritis. CT and MRI of the abdomen and pelvic cavity disclosed calcified gouty tophi around both hips, and a cystic lesion with peripheral enhancement in the pelvic cavity along the course of the iliopsoas muscle. The intra-abdominal tophus mimicked pelvic abscess.
参考中文摘要：
痛风症是最常见的结晶性关节炎。痛风痛风石一般存款四肢，特别是脚趾和手指。我们本不寻常的案件intrapelvic tophaceous痛风病人患有慢性痛风性关节炎。 CT和MRI的腹部和盆腔披露钙化痛风痛风石围绕臀部和囊性病变周围加强在盆腔沿线的过程中髂腰肌肌肉。在腹腔内痛风石模仿盆腔脓肿。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :229-33
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参考中文标题：
钙化性肌腱炎胸大肌： CT ， MRI表现。
PMID及链接：
15480647 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15480647
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The shoulder is the most common location for calcific tendonitis. Presentation of calcific tendonitis at other sites is unusual and may lead to diagnostic difficulty. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We report a case of calcific tendonitis of the pectoralis major insertion and describe the CT and MRI findings. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The presence of an associated cortical defect at the site of tendon insertion may lead to the incorrect diagnosis of neoplastic process.
参考中文摘要：
目的：肩膀是最常见的位置肌腱钙化。钙化性肌腱炎介绍，其他部位是不寻常的，并可能导致诊断困难。设计与患者：我们报告一例钙化性肌腱炎的胸大肌插入和描述CT ， MRI表现。结果与结论：存在一个相关的皮质缺损的现场肌腱插入可能会导致不正确的诊断肿瘤的进程。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :234-8
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参考中文标题：
胆固醇含有异物肉芽肿提出作为一个跨跖骨囊。
PMID及链接：
15290127 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/15290127
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A 68-year-old man presented with progressive forefoot swelling which coincided with the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Imaging revealed a cystic inter-metatarsal mass containing two foreign bodies, which had been present for many years. Following aspiration of the mass, cholesterol crystals were observed on polarised microscopy. It is postulated that the development of diabetes triggered the shedding of cholesterol crystals around a long-standing quiescent foreign body granuloma.
参考中文摘要：
一位68岁的男子提出逐步前肢肿胀恰好发生2型糖尿病。成像显示囊性间跖骨大规模载两名外国机构，这是目前许多年。下面的愿望，大规模，高胆固醇晶体显微镜观察两极分化。这是假设的发展，糖尿病引发的胆固醇晶体脱落左右的长期静态异物肉芽肿。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2005 Apr ,34 (4) :239-43
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