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1
参考中文标题：
在保肢术的现状。
PMID及链接：
19526229 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19526229
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :733-4
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2
参考中文标题：
潜在的陷阱双内酯的迹象。
PMID及链接：
19234702 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19234702
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摘 要：
The double posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) sign is seen on a midline sagittal MR image of the knee as a low-signal-intensity linear band paralleling the antero-inferior part of the PCL. Although the sign has a high specificity for a displaced bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus, it can be mimicked by several normal and abnormal structures in the intercondylar region. Familiarity with these variants and identifying the other features supportive of meniscal injury will help to make a confident diagnosis of bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus.
参考中文摘要：
双后交叉韧带（韧带）签署是一个中线矢状MR图像膝关节为低信号强度线性带并联的安特罗劣部分韧带。虽然签署具有较高的特异性为流离失所斗处理撕裂的内侧半月板，它可以模仿一些正常和异常结构间区域。熟悉这些变异和确定的其他功能支持半月板损伤将有助于使一个自信的诊断斗处理撕裂的内侧半月板。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :735-9
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3
参考中文标题：
局灶性病变髌骨。
PMID及链接：
19407996 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19407996
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摘 要：
Focal lesions of the patella may be identified during the investigation of anterior knee pain or as an incidental finding on radiological images. This pictorial review describes the radiographic appearances of a wide range of conditions that have been seen in this sesamoid bone. Where appropriate, computed tomography and magnetic resonance features have been included.
参考中文摘要：
局灶性病变髌骨可能确定在调查过程中的膝前疼痛或作为一个偶然的发现辐射图像。这图案审查描述了X线表现了广泛的条件，被认为在这个种子骨。在适当情况下，计算机断层扫描和磁共振功能已被包括在内。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :741-9
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4
参考中文标题：
初步结果在体内高分辨率形态学和生化软骨成像矩阵术后相关自体软骨细胞移植（ MACT ）的脚踝。
PMID及链接：
19296100 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19296100
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use morphological as well as biochemical (T2 and T2* relaxation times and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of healthy cartilage and cartilage repair tissue after matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) of the ankle joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers (mean age, 32.4 years) and 12 patients who underwent MACT of the ankle joint (mean age, 32.8 years) were included. In order to evaluate possible maturation effects, patients were separated into short-term (6-13 months) and long-term (20-54 months) follow-up cohorts. MRI was performed on a 3.0-T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner using a new dedicated eight-channel foot-and-ankle coil. Using high-resolution morphological MRI, the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was assessed. For biochemical MRI, T2 mapping, T2* mapping, and DWI were obtained. Region-of-interest analysis was performed within native cartilage of the volunteers and control cartilage as well as cartilage repair tissue in the patients subsequent to MACT. RESULTS: The overall MOCART score in patients after MACT was 73.8. T2 relaxation times (approximately 50 ms), T2* relaxation times (approximately 16 ms), and the diffusion constant for DWI (approximately 1.3) were comparable for the healthy volunteers and the control cartilage in the patients after MACT. The cartilage repair tissue showed no significant difference in T2 and T2* relaxation times (p > or = 0.05) compared to the control cartilage; however, a significantly higher diffusivity (approximately 1.5; p < 0.05) was noted in the cartilage repair tissue. CONCLUSION: The obtained results suggest that besides morphological MRI and biochemical MR techniques, such as T2 and T2* mapping, DWI may also deliver additional information about the ultrastructure of cartilage and cartilage repair tissue in the ankle joint using high-field MRI, a dedicated multichannel coil, and sophisticated sequences.
参考中文摘要：
目的：本研究是利用形态以及生化（ T2和时刻*松弛时间和弥散加权成像（ DWI ） ）磁共振成像（ MRI ）为评价健康的软骨及软骨修复组织后矩阵相关的自体软骨细胞移植（ MACT ）踝关节。材料与方法： 10名健康志愿者（平均年龄32.4岁）和12例接受MACT谁的踝关节（平均年龄， 32.8岁）被列入。为了评估可能的成熟的效果，患者被分为短期（ 6-13个月）和长期（ 20-54月）的后续同伙。磁共振成像对完成3.0 - T的磁共振（先生）扫描仪使用的是新的专用8通道脚和踝关节线圈。利用高分辨率形态磁共振成像，磁共振观察软骨修复组织（ MOCART ）分数的评估。生化磁共振，氚测绘，氚*测绘，并弥散获得。感兴趣区域分析，本地软骨内的志愿者和控制软骨以及软骨修复组织的病人以后MACT 。结果：总体MOCART评分术后MACT为73.8 。 T2弛豫时间（ 〜 50毫秒） ，氚*松弛时间（ 〜 16毫秒） ，和传播常数成像（ 〜 1.3 ）是比较健康的志愿者和控制软骨手术后MACT 。软骨修复组织无显着性差异在T2和T2弛豫时间* （ p “ / = 0.05 ）相比，控制软骨;然而，显着高于扩散（ 〜 1.5 ; p ” 0.05 ）中所指出的软骨修复组织。结论：所得结果表明，除了形态MRI和生化磁共振技术，如时刻和T2 *测绘，成像还可以提供额外的信息超微结构的软骨及软骨修复组织的踝关节采用高场强磁共振成像，专门多线圈，和先进的序列。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :751-60
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5
参考中文标题：
影像学的比较研究3.0 Ť与1.5 T的膝盖。
PMID及链接：
19350234 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19350234
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摘 要：
PURPOSE: The objectives of the study were to compare MR imaging at 1.5 and 3.0 T in the same patients concerning image quality and visualization of cartilage pathology and to assess diagnostic performance using arthroscopy as a standard of reference. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients were identified retrospectively as having comparative 1.5 and 3.0 T MR studies of the knee within an average of 102 days. Standard protocols included T1-weighted and fat-saturated intermediate-weighted fast spin-echo sequences in three planes; sequence parameters had been adjusted to account for differences in relaxation at 3.0 T. Arthroscopy was performed in 19 patients. Four radiologists reviewed each study independently, scored image quality, and analyzed pathological findings. Sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies in diagnosing cartilage lesions were calculated in the 19 patients with arthroscopy, and differences between 1.5 and 3.0 T exams were compared using paired Student's t tests with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Each radiologist scored the 3.0 T studies higher than those obtained at 1.5 T in visualizing anatomical structures and abnormalities (p < 0.05). Using arthroscopy as a standard of reference, diagnosis of cartilage abnormalities was improved at 3.0 T with higher sensitivity (75.7% versus 70.6%), accuracy (88.2% versus 86.4%), and correct grading of cartilage lesions (51.3% versus 42.9%). Diagnostic confidence scores were higher at 3.0 than 1.5 T (p < 0.05) and signal-to-noise ratio at 3.0 T was approximately twofold higher than at 1.5 T. CONCLUSION: MRI at 3.0 T improved visualization of anatomical structures and improved diagnostic confidence compared to 1.5 T. This resulted in significantly better sensitivity and grading of cartilage lesions at the knee.
参考中文摘要：
目的：研究的目的是比较磁共振成像在1.5和3.0 T在同一病人的图像质量和可视化软骨病理学和绩效评估采用关节镜诊断为标准的参考。材料与方法： 26例被确定为具有追溯比较1.5和3.0 Ť磁共振研究膝关节内平均102天。标准协议包括T1加权和脂肪饱和中间加权快速自旋回波序列在3架飞机;序列的参数进行了调整以考虑到不同的松弛3.0吨关节镜是在19例。四放射审查每一个独立的研究，得到的图像质量，并分析病理结果。敏感性，特异性和准确度软骨病变的诊断价值计算的19例关节镜检查，并区别1.5和3.0 Ť考试进行了比较使用配对学生的T检验的意义门槛的P “ 0.05 。结果：每个放射得分3.0 Ť研究获得高于1.5 T在可视化解剖结构和异常（ p “ 0.05 ） 。采用关节镜作为标准的参考，诊断软骨异常，提高3.0 Ť具有较高的灵敏度（ 75.7 ％比70.6 ％ ） ，准确性（ 88.2 ％与86.4 ％ ） ，正确的分级软骨病变（ 51.3 ％比42.9 ％ ） 。诊断信心分数高于3.0比1.5吨（ p “ 0.05 ） ，信号的信噪比为3.0 T是双重高于约1.5吨结论： MRI在3.0 Ť提高可视化的解剖结构和改进的诊断比较信任1.5吨这导致更好的灵敏度和显着的软骨病变分级在膝盖。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :761-9
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6
参考中文标题：
评估软骨专用序列在超高场磁共振：比较成像性能和诊断之间的信任3.0和7.0 Ť对骨性关节炎引起的变化在膝关节。
PMID及链接：
19294379 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19294379
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of the study were to optimize three cartilage-dedicated sequences for in vivo knee imaging at 7.0 T ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare imaging performance and diagnostic confidence concerning osteoarthritis (OA)-induced changes at 7.0 and 3.0 T MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Optimized MRI sequences for cartilage imaging at 3.0 T were tailored for 7.0 T: an intermediate-weighted fast spin-echo (IM-w FSE), a fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) and a T1-weighted 3D high-spatial-resolution volumetric fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-echo (SPGR) sequence. Three healthy subjects and seven patients with mild OA were examined. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), diagnostic confidence in assessing cartilage abnormalities, and image quality were determined. Abnormalities were assessed with the whole organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS). Focal cartilage lesions and bone marrow edema pattern (BMEP) were also quantified. RESULTS: At 7.0 T, SNR was increased (p < 0.05) for all sequences. For the IM-w FSE sequence, limitations with the specific absorption rate (SAR) required modifications of the scan parameters yielding an incomplete coverage of the knee joint, extensive artifacts, and a less effective fat saturation. CNR and image quality were increased (p < 0.05) for SPGR and FIESTA and decreased for IM-w FSE. Diagnostic confidence for cartilage lesions was highest (p < 0.05) for FIESTA at 7.0 T. Evaluation of BMEP was decreased (p < 0.05) at 7.0 T due to limited performance of IM-w FSE. CONCLUSION: Gradient echo-based pulse sequences like SPGR and FIESTA are well suited for imaging at UHF which may improve early detection of cartilage lesions. However, UHF IM-w FSE sequences are less feasible for clinical use.
参考中文摘要：
目的：研究的目的是优化三个软骨专用序列在体内膝关节成像7.0 Ť超高场（超高频）磁共振成像（ MRI ）和比较成像性能和诊断信心有关骨关节炎（ OA ）引起的变化在7.0和3.0 Ť MRI检查。材料与方法：优化软骨磁共振成像序列的3.0 t分别为专为7.0电话：一个中间加权快速自旋回波（即时通讯钨法兰克福） ，快速成像采用稳态采集（嘉年华）和T1加权三维高空间分辨率的体积脂肪抑制扰相梯度回波（梯度回波同）序列。三正常人和37例轻度关节炎检查。信号信噪比（ SNR ） ，对比噪声比（委会） ，诊断信心评估软骨异常，和图像质量进行了测定。异常评估与整个器官磁共振成像评分（蠕虫） 。局灶性软骨病变及骨髓水肿模式（ BMEP ）也量化。结果：在7.0吨，信噪比增加（ P “ 0.05 ）为所有序列。对IM钨自旋回波序列，限制特定吸收率（ SAR ）需要修改的扫描参数高产不完整的覆盖面膝关节，广泛的文物，以及不那么有效脂肪饱和。载噪比和图像质量有提高（ P “ 0.05 ）和梯度回波同Fiesta和减少即时消息钨法兰克福。诊断为软骨病变最高（ p “ 0.05 ）的嘉年华7.0吨评价BMEP下降（ P ” 0.05 ） 7.0 Ť由于性能有限的IM瓦特法兰克福。结论：梯度回波的脉冲序列和梯度回波同一样嘉年华非常适合成像在超高频可提高早期发现软骨病变。然而，超高频通讯钨自旋回波序列不太可行的临床应用。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :771-83
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7
参考中文标题：
内侧髌骨骨化后髌骨不稳定：一项调查表明， X光事先髌骨半脱位/脱位。
PMID及链接：
19205694 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19205694
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To describe the correlation between medial patellar ossification and prior patella subluxation and/or dislocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective billing database search identified 544 patients who had been diagnosed with patellar instability over a 13-year period. One hundred twenty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. After review by a staff orthopedic surgeon and two musculoskeletal radiologists, 28 patients were found to have medial patellar ossification. The size and location of medial patellar ossification was recorded. RESULTS: Of the 28 patients (20 males, eight females, age 13-66 years, mean 28 years) who were found to have medial patellar ossification, 22 had radiographs, 16 had magnetic resonance imaging, and ten had both. The medial patellar ossification ranged in size from 2 to 18 mm with an average of 6.8 mm. Twelve were located in the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), 14 in the medial joint capsule, and two in both the MPFL and joint capsule. Twenty-seven of 28 patients had a single ossification, and one patient had two ossifications. The timing from injury to first imaging of the lesion ranged from 10 days to a chronic history (> or = 35 years) of patellar instability. CONCLUSION: Medial patellar ossification correlates with a history of prior patella subluxation and/or dislocation. The medial ossification can be seen within the MPFL or the medial joint capsule, suggesting remote injury to these structures. The presence of this lesion will prompt physicians to evaluate for patellar instability.
参考中文摘要：
目的：描述之间的相关性内侧髌骨骨化和事先髌骨半脱位和/或脱位。材料与方法：回顾结算数据库检索确定544名患者被诊断谁与髌骨不稳定的13年期间。 100 28例符合纳入标准。审查后工作人员整形外科医生和两名肌肉骨骼放射， 28例被发现内侧髌骨骨化。的大小和位置的内侧髌骨骨化记录。结果： 28例（ 20位男性， 8名女性，年龄13-66岁，平均28岁）谁被发现内侧髌骨骨化， 22片， 16磁共振成像和10都有。内侧髌骨骨化不等的大小从2至18毫米，平均为6.8毫米。其中12人是位于内侧髌韧带（ MPFL ） ， 14内侧关节囊，和两个都MPFL和关节囊。 27个28例，单一骨化， 1例有两个ossifications 。时间从伤病中首先成像病变范围从10天到一个长期的历史（ “ / = 35岁）髌骨不稳定。结论：内侧髌骨骨化相关的历史事先髌骨半脱位和/或脱位。内侧骨化可以看出内MPFL或内侧关节囊，这表明远程损伤这些结构。在场的情况下这将促使病变医生评价髌骨不稳定。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :785-90
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8
参考中文标题：
皮层和皮层渗透scalloping小偏心软骨病变的长管状骨：并不表明恶性肿瘤？
PMID及链接：
19277645 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19277645
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate by cross-sectional imaging the prevalence and degree of cortical scalloping by small eccentric chondromas correlated with histologic diagnosis and patient history. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 122 patients with histologically proven enchondromas and two patients without histology but with radiologic and clinical follow-up, 11 patients with small, eccentrically located chondromas in the long bones had cross-sectional imaging available. The lesions were evaluated for location, size, presence, and degree of cortical scalloping. The patient's medical charts and microscope slides were reviewed for relevant clinical history, clinical management, and histology. RESULTS: The chondromas ranged in size from 1.6 to 3.8 cm (mean 2.3 cm). Two lesions were located in the proximal femoral diaphysis, two in the distal femoral diaphysis, six in the distal femoral metaphysis, and one in the proximal tibial epimetaphysis. The lesions were curetted due to diagnostic uncertainty, continued pain, marked radiologic cortical penetration, or due to patient insistence on biopsy. All 11 lesions were benign, nine histologically, and two by stability over 4 and 7 years. The prevalence of cortical scalloping among eccentric chondromas was 100%. Cortical scalloping or occupancy ranged from 50 to 100% (mean 75%). CONCLUSIONS: All small eccentric chondromas in this study were associated with an appearance of cortical scalloping of varying degree. All curetted lesions were histologically bland without nuclear atypia. Based on the benign histology of nine lesions and lack of growth of two lesions over several years, the degree of cortical scalloping is felt to be a result of lesion location within the endosteum rather than biological activity or malignancy.
参考中文摘要：
目标：本研究是评价的横断面影像的流行情况和程度的皮质小偏心scalloping软骨瘤与病理诊断和病人的历史。材料与方法：从122例病理证实enchondromas和2例，但没有放射学和临床随访， 11例小，偏心位于软骨瘤中的长骨的横断面成像可用。评价病变的位置，大小，存在和一定程度的皮质scalloping 。病人的病历和显微镜幻灯片进行审查的有关临床病史，临床管理和组织。结果：软骨瘤大小不等，从1月6号至3月八号厘米（平均二点三厘米） 。两个病灶位于股骨近端骨干，两个在股骨远端骨干，六个在股骨远端干骺端， 1个在胫骨近端epimetaphysis 。在病灶curetted由于诊断的不确定性，持续疼痛，标志着放射皮层渗透，或由于病人坚持活检。全部11例良性， 9切片，和两个由稳定超过4和7年。普遍存在的皮质软骨瘤scalloping偏心之间为100 ％ 。皮质scalloping或占用范围从50到100 ％ （平均75 ％ ） 。结论：小偏心软骨瘤在本研究相关的外观皮质scalloping的不同程度。所有curetted病灶病理乏味无异形。基于良性病变组织学的九和缺乏经济增长的两个病灶几年的程度，皮质scalloping认为是由于病变位置的骨内膜，而不是生物活性或恶性肿瘤。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :791-6
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9
参考中文标题：
金属伪影减少图像重建算法的CT骨科植入金属设备：进行中的工作进展。
PMID及链接：
19142632 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19142632
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摘 要：
INTRODUCTION: Despite recent advances in CT technology, metal orthopedic implants continue to cause significant artifacts on many CT exams, often obscuring diagnostic information. We performed this prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of an experimental metal artifact reduction (MAR) image reconstruction program for CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined image quality on CT exams performed in patients with hip arthroplasties as well as other types of implanted metal orthopedic devices. The exam raw data were reconstructed using two different methods, the standard filtered backprojection (FBP) program and the MAR program. Images were evaluated for quality of the metal-cement-bone interfaces, trabeculae < or = 1 cm from the metal, trabeculae 5 cm apart from the metal, streak artifact, and overall soft tissue detail. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum test was used to compare the image scores from the large and small prostheses. Interobserver agreement was calculated. RESULTS: When all patients were grouped together, the MAR images showed mild to moderate improvement over the FBP images. However, when the cases were divided by implant size, the MAR images consistently received higher image quality scores than the FBP images for large metal implants (total hip prostheses). For small metal implants (screws, plates, staples), conversely, the MAR images received lower image quality scores than the FBP images due to blurring artifact. The difference of image scores for the large and small implants was significant (p = 0.002). Interobserver agreement was found to be high for all measures of image quality (k > 0.9). CONCLUSION: The experimental MAR reconstruction algorithm significantly improved CT image quality for patients with large metal implants. However, the MAR algorithm introduced blurring artifact that reduced image quality with small metal implants.
参考中文摘要：
导言：尽管最近的CT技术的进步，金属骨科植入物继续造成重大的许多文物的CT检查，诊断信息往往掩盖。我们完成这一前瞻性研究，以评估的有效性的实验金属伪影减少（ MAR ）的图像重建计划的CT检查。材料与方法：我们研究的CT图像质量进行考试患者髋arthroplasties以及其他类型的植入金属矫形装置。考试的原始数据重建用两种不同的方法，标准的过滤反投影（投影）计划和报酬计划。图像质量评价的金属水泥骨界面，小梁</=1 cm from the metal, trabeculae 5 cm apart from the metal, streak artifact, and overall soft tissue detail. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum test was used to compare the image scores from the large and small prostheses. Interobserver agreement was calculated. RESULTS: When all patients were grouped together, the MAR images showed mild to moderate improvement over the FBP images. However, when the cases were divided by implant size, the MAR images consistently received higher image quality scores than the FBP images for large metal implants (total hip prostheses). For small metal implants (screws, plates, staples), conversely, the MAR images received lower image quality scores than the FBP images due to blurring artifact. The difference of image scores for the large and small implants was significant (p = 0.002). Interobserver agreement was found to be high for all measures of image quality (k > 0.9 ） 。结论：实验3月重建算法大大提高CT图像质量的患者大型金属植入物。然而， 3月算法介绍模糊影，降低图像质量与小金属植入物。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :797-802
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10
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一个明显的形式spondyloepimetaphyseal发育不良与联合不严（ SEMDJL ） leptodactylic类型：放射性特征7个新的病人。
PMID及链接：
19277648 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19277648
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: This study presents seven cases of a rare but distinctive form of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity-leptodactylic or Hall type to emphasize the characteristic clinical and radiological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multiinstitutional retrospective review was performed on seven patients. The patient population consisted of one family with an affected mother and two siblings and four unrelated patients; there were one adult, aged 40 years, and six children, ranging in age from 3 to 12 years. The gender ratio of females to males was 5 to 2. We reviewed the clinical data and skeletal surveys and focused on radiographs of the pelvis, knees, hands, and spine. RESULTS: The outstanding clinical features were short stature, midface hypoplasia, and multiple dislocations and/or ligamentous laxity of the large joints, particularly at the knees with a genu valgum or varum deformity. Of seven patients, six patients showed normal intellect but one patient had mild mental retardation. The main radiological features included small, irregular epiphyses, metaphyseal irregularity with vertical striations that was a constant finding at the knees, constricted femoral necks, delayed ossification of the carpal bones, and slender metacarpals. Progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis was evident with aging; however, the vertebral bodies appeared normal in height or mild platyspondyly was noted. CONCLUSION: In view of the orthopedic management of multiple joint dislocations and ligamentous laxity of the large joints, awareness of this disease entity and diagnostic precision solely based on radiological findings is of importance, particularly as the disorder is currently more common than initially reported.
参考中文摘要：
目的：本研究提出7案件一种罕见的，但与众不同的形式spondyloepimetaphyseal发育不良与联合不严， leptodactylic或霍尔型强调的临床和影像学特征的调查结果。材料与方法： multiinstitutional进行回顾7例。在患者群中有一个受影响的家庭的母亲和两个哥哥和四个无关患者;有1名成人， 40岁，和六个孩子，年龄在3至12年。在性别比例的女性对男性为5至2倍。我们审查了临床资料和骨骼调查和重点线的骨盆，膝盖，手，和脊椎。结果：杰出的临床特点是身材矮小，面中部发育不全，以及多种脱位和/或韧带松弛的大关节，尤其是在膝盖与膝外翻或内翻畸形。 7名患者， 36例智力正常，但1例有轻度精神发育迟滞。主要功能包括放射性小，不规则骨骺，干骺端不规则垂直条纹，这是一个不断寻找在膝盖，限制股脖子，延迟骨化腕骨头，和细长metacarpals 。胸腰段脊柱侧凸的进步是明显的老龄化，但出现椎体正常高度或轻度platyspondyly指出。结论：鉴于骨科管理多个关节脱位和韧带松弛的大关节，认识到这种疾病实体和诊断精度完全基于放射性调查结果非常重要，尤其是这种疾病是目前较常见的比最初公布的。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :803-11
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11
参考中文标题：
前足疼痛的一个不寻常的事业。
PMID及链接：
19430777 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19430777
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :813-4, 831-2
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12
参考中文标题：
脂肪瘤的肩关节立联合造成骨侵蚀： MRI表现与钆增强。
PMID及链接：
19290523 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19290523
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Lipoma arborescens is a rare benign intra-articular lesion that principally affects the knee joint. We present a case of lipoma arborescens involving the glenohumeral joint and associated with prominent large bony erosions. The gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of this lesion are also described. The characteristic MRI findings permit precise preoperative diagnosis of this rare condition even if it occurs in an atypical location and there are confusing radiological findings.
参考中文摘要：
脂肪瘤是一种罕见的乔木良性关节内病变的主要影响到膝关节。我们提出一个脂肪瘤立案件涉及肩关节联合和与著名大骨糜烂。该胺五乙酸钆增强磁共振成像（ MRI ）特点，病变也有所说明。 MRI表现特征许可证准确术前诊断中的这一罕见的疾病，即使它发生在一个典型的位置，有困惑的放射性调查结果。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :815-8
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13
参考中文标题：
原发性神经内分泌肿瘤的骶骨：病例报告及文献复习。
PMID及链接：
19360403 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19360403
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Primary carcinoid tumor (well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor) of the bone involving the sacrum is extremely rare. We report the case of a 72-year-old man who presented with a 20-year history of intermittent low back pain and was found to have an intraosseous sacral mass on imaging. A needle biopsy revealed that this lesion was a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. Workup did not show any primary tumor or other metastatic disease. There was no associated tailgut cyst or sacrococcygeal teratoma. The lesion was treated with radiation therapy because a surgical approach was rejected. The patient is free of metastatic disease after 28 years evolution of the lesion, retrospectively seen to be present on a conventional radiography performed in 1980. A review of the literature revealed 20 case reports of neuroendocrine tumors arising from the presacral region (with or without associated tailgut cyst or sacrococcygeal teratoma) and sometimes extending to the sacrum. One additional case was located within the neural canal and involved the sacrum, the presacral region, and the rectal wall. Our case is the only tumor arising primarily from the sacrum. The long evolution of this lesion without any other location makes metastatic disease very improbable and this case appears to be a unique example of primary intraosseous sacral carcinoid tumor.
参考中文摘要：
原发性类癌（高分化神经内分泌肿瘤）骨涉及骶骨是极为罕见。我们报告的情况下， 72岁的男子谁提交了一份20年的历史的间歇性腰痛，发现有一个肿块内骶成像。针活检显示，此病变是分化良好的神经内分泌肿瘤。 Workup没有任何原发肿瘤或其他转移性疾病。没有相关tailgut囊肿或骶尾部畸胎瘤。病变治疗放射治疗，因为手术方式被驳回。病人是免费的转移性疾病后28年演变的病变，回顾性看作是存在于传统的X线表现在1980年。文献复习显示20例报告所引起的神经内分泌肿瘤的前区（有或没有相关tailgut囊肿或骶尾部畸胎瘤） ，有时甚至延伸到骶骨。一个额外的案件位于神经管和参与的骶骨，对前地区，直肠癌墙。我们的情况是唯一的肿瘤主要产生于骶骨。长期演化这一病变没有任何其他位置使得转移性疾病非常难以置信和这种情况下似乎是一个独特的例子，小学内骶类癌。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :819-23
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14
参考中文标题：
原发性腺泡状软组织肉瘤的脊椎骨：病例报告及文献复习。
PMID及链接：
19347336 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/19347336
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Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor, which rarely occurs in bone. We present a case of ASPS in a 23-year-old man with a 2-month history of back pain. Computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance images demonstrated a destructive process in the 12th thoracic vertebra associated with a unilateral soft tissue mass. The tumor showed evidence of hypervascularity on MRI; it obviously was enhanced on T1-weighted images after injection of Gd-GDPA, and signal voids were shown on all pulse sequences which may help to differentiate ASPS from other tumors of the vertebra. We believe that this is the first case of ASPS arising in a vertebra.
参考中文摘要：
腺泡状软组织肉瘤（平均售价）是一种罕见的恶性软组织肿瘤，而很少发生在骨。我们提出一个案件平均售价在23岁男子2个月的历史背痛。电脑断层扫描和磁共振图像显示了破坏性进程中的第12胸椎与单方面软组织肿块。肿瘤证据表明hypervascularity的磁共振成像;它显然是增强T1加权图像注射后钆GDPA和信号空隙显示所有脉冲序列可能有助于区分售价从其他肿瘤的脊椎骨。我们认为，这是第一例的ASP中产生脊椎骨。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2009 Aug ,38 (8) :825-9
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