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1
参考中文标题：
腱鞘巨细胞瘤和色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎：一为这些不同，但临床病理和基因完全相同的病变统一的建议。[见意见]。
PMID及链接：
17225151 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17225151
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出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :267-8
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2
参考中文标题：
先进的成像在类风湿关节炎。第1部分：结节性滑膜炎。 [审查] [ 77参]
PMID及链接：
17139505 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17139505
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摘 要：
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder primarily affecting the synovium. We now recognise that conventional radiographic images show changes of rheumatoid arthritis long after irreversible joint damage has occured. With the advent of powerful disease-modifying drugs, there is a need for early demonstration of rheumatoid arthritis and a need to monitor progress of the disease and response to therapy. Advanced imaging techniques such as ultrasound and MRI have focussed on the demonstration and quantification of synovitis and erosions and allow early diagnosis of RA. The technology to quantify synovitis and erosions is developing rapidly and now allows change in disease activity to be assessed. However, problems undoubtedly exist in quantification techniques, and this review serves to highlight them. Much of the literature on advanced imaging in RA appears in rheumatological journals and may not be familiar to radiologists. This review article aims to increase the awareness of radiologists about this field and to encourage them to participate and contribute to the ongoing development of these modalities. Without this collaboration, it is unlikely that these modalities will reach their full potential in the field of rheumatological imaging. This review is in two parts. The first part addresses synovitis imaging. The second part will look at advanced imaging of erosions in RA. [References: 77]
参考中文摘要：
类风湿关节炎（ RA ）是一种慢性炎症疾病和逐步的滑膜主要影响。我们现在认识到，传统的X光图像显示的变化对类风湿关节炎联合不可逆转后不久发生了损害。随着强大的疾病修改药品，有必要尽早示范类风湿关节炎和需要监测进展的疾病和应对治疗。先进的成像技术，如超声波和MRI有重点的示范和量化滑膜炎和糜烂，使早期诊断类风湿性关节炎。该技术量化滑膜炎和糜烂正在迅速发展，现在可以改变疾病活动性进行评估。但是，存在的问题无疑量化技术，以及本次审查突出他们。许多先进的图像文献中出现在RA rheumatological期刊和可能不熟悉，以放射。这次审查的文章的目的是提高认识的放射关于这一领域，并鼓励他们参与和促进持续发展的这些方法。如果没有这种合作，这是不太可能，这些方式将充分发挥其潜力领域的rheumatological成像。这项审查是分为两个部分。第一部分涉及滑膜炎成像。第二部分将研究先进的成像糜烂在RA 。 [参考文献： 77 ]
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :269-79
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3
参考中文标题：
的临床解剖学解释胫intraneural节囊肿引起上级胫腓关节。
PMID及链接：
17187290 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17187290
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that tibial intraneural ganglia in the popliteal fossa are derived from the posterior portion of the superior tibiofibular joint, in a mechanism similar to that of peroneal intraneural ganglia, which have recently been shown to arise from the anterior portion of the same joint. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study and prospective anatomic study. MATERIALS: The clinical records and MRI findings of three patients with tibial intraneural ganglion cysts were analyzed and compared with those of one patient with a tibial extraneural ganglion cyst and one volunteer. Seven cadaveric limbs were dissected to define the articular anatomy of the posterior aspect of the superior tibiofibular joint. RESULTS: The condition of the three patients with intraneural ganglia recurred because their joint connections were not identified initially. In two patients there was no cyst recurrence when the joint connection was treated at revision surgery; the third patient did not wish to undergo additional surgery. The one patient with an extraneural ganglion had the joint connection identified at initial assessment and had successful surgery addressing the cyst and the joint connection. Retrospective evaluation of the tibial intraneural ganglion cysts revealed stereotypic features, which allowed their accurate diagnosis and distinction from extraneural cases. The intraneural cysts had tubular (rather than globular) appearances. They derived from the postero-inferior portion of the superior tibiofibular joint and followed the expected course of the articular branch on the posterior surface of the popliteus muscle. The cysts then extended intra-epineurially into the parent tibial nerves, where they contained displaced nerve fascicles. The extraneural cyst extrinsically compressed the tibial nerve but did not directly involve it. All cadaveric specimens demonstrated a small single articular branch, which derived from the tibial nerve to the popliteus. The branch coursed obliquely across the posterior surface of the popliteus muscle before innervating the postero-inferior aspect of the superior tibiofibular joint. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical, MRI and anatomic features of tibial intraneural ganglion cysts are the posterior counterpart of the peroneal intraneural ganglion cysts arising from the anterior portion of the superior tibiofibular joint. These predictable features can be exploited and have implications for the pathogenesis of these intraneural cysts and treatment outcomes. These ganglion cysts are joint-related and provide further evidence to support the unifying articular theory. In each case the joint connection needs to be identified preoperatively, and the articular branches and the superior tibiofibular joint should be addressed operatively to prevent cyst recurrence.
参考中文摘要：
目的：证明，胫骨intraneural节在腘窝来自后部分优于胫腓关节，在一个机制类似腓intraneural节，最近已被证明能产生前部分同联合。设计：回顾性临床研究和潜在的解剖学研究。材料：临床记录和MRI表现3例胫骨囊肿intraneural节进行了分析和比较，一个病人的胫骨extraneural腱鞘囊肿和一名志愿者。七尸体进行解剖，以四肢关节解剖确定后方面优于胫腓关节。结果：这三个条件的患者复发intraneural节，因为他们的共同连接最初没有确定。 2例，没有囊肿复发时，联合治疗方面是修订手术;第三病人不希望接受更多的手术。一个病人，一个extraneural节联合方面已确定的初步评估，并成功地进行了手术处理囊肿和联合方面。回顾性评价胫骨囊肿intraneural节定型显示功能，使他们准确的诊断和区别extraneural案件。囊肿的intraneural了肾小管（而不是球状）亮相。他们来自postero劣部分优于胫腓关节，并遵循了预期的过程中，关节处的后表面的popliteus肌肉。囊肿然后扩大内部epineurially到母公司胫骨神经，他们在那里载流离失所神经分册。该extraneural囊肿extrinsically压缩的胫神经，但没有直接涉及它。所有标本展示了小单关节处，其中来自胫神经的popliteus 。该分行的套餐后斜整个表面的popliteus之前支配肌肉的postero劣方面优于胫腓关节。结论：临床， MRI和解剖特点，胫骨囊肿是intraneural节后对应的腓intraneural节囊肿产生的前部分优于胫腓关节。这些可预见的功能可以被利用，也影响到发病机制中的这些intraneural囊肿和治疗结果。这些神经节囊肿是联合有关，并提供进一步的证据支持的统一理论关节。在每一种情况下的联合方面需要确定，术前和关节处和优越的胫腓关节手术应当解决，以防止囊肿复发。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :281-92
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4
参考中文标题：
远景评价增强MRI后无腰椎间盘。
PMID及链接：
17219230 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17219230
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: Postdiscography infection is an uncommon complication. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is often the modality of choice for evaluating spinal infection. Discography entails disc access and fluid injection that could alter the baseline MR imaging appearance of the spine and be confounded for infection. Our purpose was to describe the MR imaging findings of the lumbar spine subsequent to uncomplicated discography and to determine if this may mimic infection. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In a prospective cohort study of eight adults (age 22-64 years, mean 45 years) with 22 intradiscal injections, all subjects underwent routine unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MR imaging during the 2-3 week interval postdiscography. A subset of four returned for additional MR imaging during the 4-8 week interval postdiscography. MR images were reviewed for intradiscal, endplate, marrow, and epidural findings and then compared with prediscography examinations. Infection was excluded by clinical documentation. RESULTS: Postdiscography MR imaging showed that almost all levels were similar to baseline prediscography examinations. No levels developed new vertebral marrow edema, fluid-like intradiscal signal, endplate irregularity, or epidural abnormality. Two subjects simulated potential discitis, but these findings were unchanged from prediscography and were related to prior surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Uncomplicated lumbar spine discography does not cause MR imaging changes that simulate discitis.
参考中文摘要：
目的： Postdiscography感染是一种少见的并发症。磁共振（先生）成像的方式往往是选择的评价脊髓感染。椎间盘需要光盘获取和注射液，可改变基准磁共振成像外观脊柱和被混淆的感染。我们的目的是描述磁共振成像结果腰椎以后简单的唱片，并确定这是否会模仿感染。设计与患者：在前瞻性队列研究的8个成人（年龄22-64岁，平均45岁）与22椎间盘内注射，所有科目进行例行扫和增强MRI在2-3周间隔postdiscography 。的一个子集四个返回额外的磁共振成像在4-8周间隔postdiscography 。 MR图像进行了审查的椎间盘，终板，骨髓和硬膜外结果，然后比较prediscography考试。排除了感染的临床资料。结果： Postdiscography磁共振成像显示，几乎所有各级类似基线prediscography考试。 NO水平制定了新的脊椎骨髓水肿，液体像椎间盘信号，终板不规则，或硬膜外异常。两个科目模拟潜在的椎间盘，但这些调查结果持平prediscography和有关事先手术。结论：简单腰椎椎间盘不会导致磁共振成像变化模拟椎间盘。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :293-9
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5
参考中文标题：
使用钆螯合物确认硬膜外针置入患者的造影反应。
PMID及链接：
17187289 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17187289
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OBJECTIVE: When performing epidural steroid injections for the management of chronic back pain, imaging guidance and a limited epidurogram improve accuracy of needle placement and ensure appropriate delivery of the injectate into the epidural space. We describe our experience using a gadolinium chelate as an alternative contrast agent for limited epidurography in patients with a history of an iodinated contrast reaction. DESIGN: Thirty-eight of 2,067 (1.8%) epidural steroid injections performed in our department over a 25-month period (December 2003-January 2006) employed gadolinium. All injections were performed in the lumbar spine employing a paramedian interlaminar approach. Procedural notes and patient charts were reviewed to evaluate for immediate or delayed complications related to incorrect intrathecal or intravascular needle placement. A retrospective analysis of selected fluoroscopic spot images was performed to evaluate confidence of epidural needle placement; this analysis compared these spot images against those obtained from age- and gender-matched control patients in whom iodinated contrast was used to confirm needle placement. RESULTS: Real-time fluoroscopic guidance permitted confident visualization of an epidurogram at the time of procedure in all 38 cases as documented in the procedural report, and no procedure resulted in a complication due to incorrect needle placement. Retrospective review of fluoroscopic spot images revealed at least moderate confidence of epidural needle placement by both readers in 29/38 cases (76.3%). Fluoroscopic spot images obtained using gadolinium yielded significantly less confidence than images obtained in control patients whose procedures were performed using iodinated contrast (P < 0.01). However, operators were sufficiently confident in needle placement based on real-time fluoroscopic images (not available in our subsequent review) to inject anesthestic in all 38 cases, despite the immediate consequences that could result from intrathecal administration. During the same time period, there were 11/2,067 (0.5%) instances of intrathecal needle placement discovered during attempted epidurography despite the use of fluoroscopy for needle guidance and reliance on loss-of-resistance technique. CONCLUSION: Gadolinium chelate represents a safe and useful alternative contrast agent for confirmation of epidural needle placement in patients with an iodinated contrast allergy.
参考中文摘要：
目的：当表演硬膜外注射类固醇的管理慢性背痛，成像指导和有限epidurogram提高准确性针安置，并确保适当的交付injectate进入硬膜外腔。我们描述我们的经验，使用钆螯合物作为替代造影剂有限epidurography在史患者的造影反应。设计： 38的2067 （ 1.8 ％ ）硬膜外类固醇注射表现在我们的新闻部在25个月期间（ 2003年12月， 2006年1月）雇用钆。所有注射剂进行了腰椎间雇用paramedian办法。程序说明和耐心的图表进行了审查，以评估立即或延迟不正确有关的并发症或血管内注射针头位置。回顾性分析选定透视图像进行现场评价信心硬膜外针安置;这种分析比较这些SPOT图象对那些从年龄和性别匹配的对照组患者在其中造影是用来确定针头位置。结果：实时透视导向允许信心可视化的epidurogram时的程序，在所有38例中所述的程序报告，并没有任何程序导致的并发症，由于不正确针安置。回顾性分析透视SPOT图象显示至少中度信心硬膜外针位置由读者38分之29例（ 76.3 ％ ） 。透视SPOT图象获得使用钆产生信心大大减少图像中获得比对照组的程序，用造影（ P “ 0.01 ） 。然而，运营商有足够的信心针安置基于实时透视图像（不提供我们随后的审查）注入anesthestic在所有38例，尽管直接的后果可能造成鞘内管理。在同一期间，有11 / 2067 （ 0.5 ％ ）情况下鞘内注射针安置期间发现企图epidurography尽管使用透视的针指导和依赖丧失抵抗技术。结论：钆螯合物是一种安全有效的替代造影剂确认硬膜外针安置在病人的造影过敏。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :301-7
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6
参考中文标题：
马尾神经综合征介绍骶骨不全骨折。
PMID及链接：
17177021 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17177021
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摘 要：
INTRODUCTION: Sacral insufficiency fractures are a well recognised cause for low back, buttock and groin pain in the elderly. However, over a 4 year period, four patients have presented with symptoms of cauda equina syndrome, who were found on investigation to have acute sacral insufficiency fracture without any other aetiological spinal abnormality. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Four patients who presented to the spinal surgeons of our institution with symptoms of cauda equina syndrome were referred for spinal MR. Sagittal and axial T1 and T2 weighted turbo spin echo sequences of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine were performed on all patients. Subsequent studies included MR of the sacrum supplemented where appropriate by CT and technetium MDP bone scintigraphy. RESULTS: No evidence of a compressive lesion of the lower thoracic or lumbar spine was present in any of the four patients. Dedicated MR examination of the sacrum in these patients revealed unilateral acute insufficiency fractures involving zone 1 from S1 to S3 extending from the sacro-iliac joint to the lateral margin of the sacral foramen. There was no evidence of compression of the sacral nerve roots. The possible mechanism for the symptomatic presentation is discussed. CONCLUSION: Sacral insufficiency fractures should be excluded in elderly or osteoporotic patients presenting with cauda equina syndrome who have no evidence of compression in the thoraco-lumbar MR studies.
参考中文摘要：
导言：骶骨不全骨折是一个公认的原因腰痛，臀部和腹股沟疼痛的老年人。然而，在4年期间，提出了4名患者症状的马尾神经综合征，谁的调查发现有急性骶骨不全骨折无任何其他病因脊髓异常。病人和方法： 4例谁向我们的脊柱外科医生的机构，症状马尾神经综合征被称为脊髓磁共振。矢状面和轴T1和T2加权快速自旋回波序列较低胸腰椎进行的所有患者。随后的研究包括：补充的骶骨酌情CT和锝MDP骨显像。结果：没有证据表明压缩病变较低胸腰椎在场的任何4例。专用MRI检查的骶骨发现在这些患者急性不全骨折单方面涉及区1中一至中三自骶髂关节的外侧缘骶孔。目前还没有任何证据压缩骶神经根。可能的机制，症状介绍进行了讨论。结论：骶骨不全骨折应排除在老年骨质疏松患者或提出与马尾神经综合征谁没有证据压缩在胸腰椎磁共振研究。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :309-13
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7
参考中文标题：
纵向重复性体内的软骨体积和表面膝关节骨性关节炎的。
PMID及链接：
17219231 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/17219231
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摘 要：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal reproducibility of cartilage volume and surface area measurements in moderate osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed 5 MRI (GE 1.5T, sagittal 3D SPGR) data sets of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee (Kellgren Lawrence grade I-II). Two scans were performed: one baseline scan and one follow-up scan 3 months later (96 +/- 10 days). For segmentation, 3D Slicer 2.5 software was used. Two segmentations were performed by two readers independently who were blinded to the scan dates. Tibial and femoral cartilage volume and surface were determined. Longitudinal and cross-sectional precision errors were calculated using the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV%=100x[SD/mean]) from the repeated measurements in each patient. The in vivo reproducibility was then calculated as the root mean square of these individual reproducibility errors. RESULTS: The cross-sectional root mean squared coefficient of variation (RMSE-CV) was 1.2, 2.2 and 2.4% for surface area measurements (femur, medial and lateral tibia respectively) and 1.4, 1.8 and 1.3% for the corresponding cartilage volumes. Longitudinal RMSE-CV was 3.3, 3.1 and 3.7% for the surface area measurements (femur, medial and lateral tibia respectively) and 2.3, 3.3 and 2.4% for femur, medial and lateral tibia cartilage volumes. CONCLUSION: The longitudinal in vivo reproducibility of cartilage surface and volume measurements in the knee using this segmentation method is excellent. To the best of our knowledge we measured, for the first time, the longitudinal reproducibility of cartilage volume and surface area in participants with mild to moderate OA.
参考中文摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是评估纵向重现软骨数量和面积测量中度骨关节炎（ OA ）的膝盖。材料与方法：我们分析了5磁共振成像（葛1.5T ，矢状位三维梯度回波同）数据集患者的骨关节炎（ OA ）膝关节（ Kellgren劳伦斯级第一和第二） 。扫描进行了两个：一个基线扫描和一个后续扫描3个月后（ 96 + / - 10天） 。分割，三维切片机2.5软件使用。两个分割是由两个独立的读者谁是失明的扫描日期。胫骨和股骨软骨体积和表面进行了测定。纵向和横截面精度误差计算的标准差（ SD ）和变异系数（简历％ = 100倍[自毁/平均] ）由反复测量每个病人。体内重现当时计算的均方根这些个人重现错误。结果：横断面根平均平方变异系数（ RMSE系数）为1.2 ， 2.2和2.4 ％的面积测量（股骨，胫骨内侧和外侧分别）和1.4 ， 1.8和1.3 ％的相应软骨卷。纵向RMSE系数为3.3 ， 3.1和3.7 ％的面积测量（股骨，胫骨内侧和外侧分别）和2.3 ， 3.3和2.4 ％ ，股骨，胫骨内侧和外侧软骨卷。结论：在体内纵向重复性软骨表面和体积测量膝关节使用此分割方法非常出色。以我们所知，我们测量，首次纵向重现软骨数量和面积在参加轻中度骨关节炎。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :315-20
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8
参考中文标题：
Extraarticular椎旁弥漫型巨细胞瘤。
PMID及链接：
16523334 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16523334
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A diffuse-type giant cell tumor (DGCT) of the paravertebral region is a rare condition characterized by an ill-demarcated mass with facet joint involvement. We describe a case of extra-articular DGCT of the paravertebral cervical region without association to the facet joint. A 51-year-old male presented with a headache. Diagnostic imaging showed a dumbbell-shaped mass with enlargement of the right intervertebral foramen between C6 and C7. The tumor was completely resected in multiple fragments with the suspicion that it was a schwannoma. Histologically the tumor consisted chiefly of mononuclear histiocytoid cells, foamy macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, which led to a diagnosis of DGCT. The case alerts one to be aware that DGCT may originate from a paravertebral location as a soft-tissue mass without facet joint involvement.
参考中文摘要：
阿弥漫型巨细胞瘤（ DGCT ）的椎旁地区是一种罕见的状况，其特征是一种虐待划定大众与小关节的参与。我们描述一个案件关节外DGCT宫颈癌的椎旁协会区域内的小关节。一名51岁男性有一个头痛的问题。诊断显像显示哑铃形肿块扩大椎间孔的权利之间的C6和C7 。肿瘤完全切除多个片段与猜疑，这是一个神经鞘瘤。组织学上肿瘤主要包括单核histiocytoid细胞，泡沫巨噬细胞和多核巨细胞，导致诊断DGCT 。这一案件警示之一必须认识到， DGCT可能来自椎旁位置作为软组织肿块无关节参与。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :321-5
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参考中文标题：
弥漫型巨细胞瘤皮下大腿。
PMID及链接：
16565836 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16565836
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摘 要：
Diffuse-type giant cell tumor is an extra-articular form of pigmented villonodular synovitis. The localized form of this lesion (tenosynovial giant cell tumor) is frequent, representing the most common subset arising from the synovium of a joint, bursa or tendon sheath, with 85% of cases occurring in the fingers. The less frequent diffuse-type giant cell tumors are commonly located in the periarticular soft tissues, but on rare occasions these lesions can be purely intramuscular or subcutaneous We report the case of a 26-year-old female with diffuse-type giant cell tumor of the subcutaneous thigh, remote from a joint, bursa or tendon sheath. A review of the literature did not reveal any similar description of a diffuse-type giant cell tumor completely within the subcutaneous thigh, remote from a joint, bursa or tendon sheath. These lesions were initially regarded as inflammatory or reactive processes, but since the identification of clonal abnormalities in these patients, and in view of their capacity for autonomous growth, they are now widely considered to represent benign neoplasms.
参考中文摘要：
弥漫型巨细胞瘤是一种关节外形式的色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎。本地化形式的这种病变（腱鞘巨细胞瘤）是频繁，代表最常见的子集产生的滑膜联合，囊或腱鞘， 85 ％的病例发生在手指。那么频繁的弥漫型巨细胞瘤通常位于周围软组织，但在少数情况下这些病变可以纯粹肌肉注射或皮下注射我们报告的情况下， 26岁的女性，弥漫型巨细胞瘤皮下大腿，远离了联合，囊或腱鞘。文献复习没有发现任何类似的描述弥漫型巨细胞瘤内完全皮下大腿，远离了联合，囊或腱鞘。这些病变最初视为炎症或反应过程，但由于确定克隆异常这些患者中，并鉴于其能力的自主增长，他们现在普遍认为是良性肿瘤。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :327-30
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10
参考中文标题：
肌内弥漫型巨细胞瘤的腿筋肌肉。
PMID及链接：
16850303 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16850303
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Diffuse-type giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) is known as a synonym for pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVS), a condition usually found in the large joints. We report an extremely rare case of D-TGCT which was located within the hamstring muscle. The lesion was an incidental finding in a 62-year-old man who underwent positron emission tomography (PET) as part of a staging evaluation for gastric cancer. The lesion was resected. There has been neither metastasis nor recurrence during the 6-month period since resection. This case demonstrates that PVS/D-TGCT may have a high SUV on PET imaging, and for this reason PET may be useful for detecting both the tumor and any recurrence.
参考中文摘要：
弥漫型巨细胞瘤（名D -睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤）被称为的同义词，色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎（ PV ）的一个条件，通常在大关节。我们提出一个极为罕见的D -睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤是位于腿筋肌肉。病变是一个偶然发现了62岁男子谁进行正电子发射断层扫描技术（ PET ）的一个组成部分分期评价胃癌。病灶切除。已经转移或复发都在6个月期间，因为切除。这一案例表明，持续性植物状态/名D -睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤可能有很高的SUV的PET显像，为此聚酯可用于检测的肿瘤和任何复发。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :331-3
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11
参考中文标题：
小学骨膜淋巴瘤-罕见和不寻常的。
PMID及链接：
16534637 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16534637
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We describe a primary periosteal lymphoma that involved only the periosteum without affecting the adjacent medulla or the regional lymph nodes. No other lymphomatous foci were found in either the distant lymph nodes or viscera. This unusual presentation simulates the imaging appearance of surface lesions of bone, namely benign and malignant tumors, and departs from the typical appearance of primary lymphoma of bone. Therefore, this rare type of lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of surface bone lesions.
参考中文摘要：
我们描述一个主要骨膜淋巴瘤涉及的骨膜只有在不影响相邻髓质或区域淋巴结转移。没有其他淋巴瘤灶中发现无论是遥远的淋巴结或内脏。这种不寻常的演示模拟成像外观表面病变的骨，即良性和恶性肿瘤，并偏离了典型的外观骨原发性恶性淋巴瘤。因此，这一罕见的淋巴瘤中应考虑的鉴别诊断表面骨病变。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :335-9
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12
参考中文标题：
一个外横纹肌样瘤的颈椎骨参与。
PMID及链接：
16602014 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16602014
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A case of a histologically proven rhabdoid tumor of the cervical spine in a 19-year-old Caucasian male is presented. Primary extrarenal rhabdoid tumors are very rare. When the central nervous system is involved, the tumor usually is located in the brain. Only three cases of primary spinal rhabdoid tumor have been reported. This case is the first reported extradural rhabdoid tumor of the spinal canal and the first case of a rhabdoid tumor located in the spinal canal with bony involvement.
参考中文摘要：
一位病理证实横纹肌样瘤颈椎在一个19岁的白人男性提出。小学外横纹肌样肿瘤是非常罕见的。当中枢神经系统的参与，肿瘤通常位于大脑。只有3例原发性脊髓横纹肌样瘤的报道。这起案件是第一次报告外横纹肌样瘤椎管和第一属横纹肌样瘤位于椎管骨与参与。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :341-5
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13
参考中文标题：
分化高品位骨肉来自低品位中央骨肉瘤的腓骨。
PMID及链接：
16816966 http://www.syyxw.com/Archive/Detail/16816966
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摘 要：
Low grade central osteosarcoma is a distinct, rare low grade malignant neoplasm characterized histologically by a spindle cell proliferation associated with trabecular bone formation. This tumor usually carries a good prognosis. However, it has the potential to recur, dedifferentiate, and metastasize subsequent to surgical treatment. In extremely rare occasions, LGCOS presents with areas of dedifferentiation upon initial patient evaluation. In this report we describe one such case affecting the fibula of a 39-year-old female, presenting with pain. Initial biopsy demonstrated a high-grade osteosarcoma. No areas of LGCOS were seen histologically. Following biopsy the patient received 3 months of chemotherapy at a different institution. However, the patient continued to exhibit symptoms. X-rays indicated a very aggressive tumor in the diaphysis of the proximal fibula, MRI revealed soft tissue involvement. The tumor and surrounding soft-tissues were excised en bloc at our institution. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of high-grade osteosarcoma as well as an underlying LGCOS that involved the cortex and medullary cavity of the fibula. The two histological components of the tumor were sharply delineated from one another. No chemotherapy effect was appreciated histologically or clinically. Eight months following the surgery, the patient died from lung metastases. This is the third documented case of dedifferentiated LGCOS at initial presentation. This case reveals that the low-grade component was also evident on preoperative radiographs.
参考中文摘要：
低度恶性中央骨肉瘤是一种独特的，罕见的低度恶性肿瘤病理特征的梭形细胞增殖相关的骨小梁形成。这种肿瘤通常进行了良好的预后。然而，它有可能再次发生， dedifferentiate ，并随后转移到手术治疗。在极其罕见的情况下， LGCOS介绍领域的分化在初步病人评价。在这份报告中，我们描述一个此类案件影响腓骨一个39岁的女性，提出与痛苦。初步检查显示出高品位骨肉瘤。任何领域的LGCOS被视为病理。以下活检患者接受3个月的化疗在不同的机构。然而，病人继续呈现症状。 X光片显示了非常积极的肿瘤中的骨干近端腓骨， MRI检查显示软组织的参与。肿瘤与周围的软组织切除整块在我们的机构。显微镜下，病变包括高档骨肉以及基本LGCOS参与的皮质和骨髓腔的腓骨。这两个组织的组成部分肿瘤大幅划定彼此。没有化疗效果赞赏病理或临床。 8个月后手术，患者死于肺转移。这是第三个记录案件分化LGCOS在最初的介绍。这起案件表明，低等级的组成部分也很明显的术前X光片。
出 处：
Skeletal radiology. 2007 Apr ,36 (4) :347-51
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